[WP13] Compound composition: first-position @Or/@And silently ignored (order-dependent boolean semantics) #193

此內容由 AI 產生（specification-mapper 全庫審查 2026-07-16．執行圖）。

Work package WP13 · findings: COR-15, COR-16, TEST-09, MAINT-08, MAINT-09 · worst severity: medium · effort: M

From the 2026-07-16 whole-codebase review of branch jakarta (snapshot 7de4a33; modules mapper/ + starter/). Every finding below is CONFIRMED by independent adversarial verification. File:line coordinates are from the snapshot and may have drifted.

Findings

COR-15 — Field-level @Or on the first-declared field is silently ignored (correctness, medium)

• File: mapper/src/main/java/tw/com/softleader/data/jpa/spec/domain/Conjunction.java:38
• Evidence: CompoundSpecification.toPredicate folds via a seedless specs.stream().reduce(this::combine); combine(result, element) inspects only the element's wrapper. The first-declared spec becomes the accumulator, so its Or wrapper is never examined: [@Or nickname, name] yields nickname AND name (the @Or silently dropped) while the reverse order yields name OR nickname.
• Failure scenario: the same annotation produces opposite SQL depending on field declaration position — silently wrong result sets.

COR-16 — Mirror defect: field-level @And on the first-declared field of an @Or class is silently ignored (correctness, medium)

• File: mapper/src/main/java/tw/com/softleader/data/jpa/spec/domain/Disjunction.java:38
• Evidence: same seedless-reduce mechanics as COR-15, mirrored for And under Disjunction.

TEST-09 — No test pins first-position @Or/@And; combine() has no direct unit tests (testing, low)

• File: mapper/src/test/java/tw/com/softleader/data/jpa/spec/SimpleSpecificationResolverTest.java:438

MAINT-08 — Order-dependent fold semantics over an unordered Collection type (maintainability, low)

• File: mapper/src/main/java/tw/com/softleader/data/jpa/spec/domain/CompoundSpecification.java:39
• Evidence: specs is a Collection, whose iteration order the API does not guarantee, yet the fold's outcome depends on it.

MAINT-09 — A field annotated with both @And and @Or silently resolves to And (maintainability, low)

• File: mapper/src/main/java/tw/com/softleader/data/jpa/spec/SimpleSpecificationResolver.java:88

Plan

1. Rework the CompoundSpecification fold so every element's wrapper is honored, including the first. Behavioral target: permutation invariance — any declaration order of the same annotated fields yields the same SQL ([@Or a, b] ≡ [b, @Or a] → b OR a; mirror for @And under Disjunction).
2. Narrow the specs field/constructor type from Collection to List to make ordered folding an explicit contract (MAINT-08).
3. In SimpleSpecificationResolver, reject a field carrying both @And and @Or with a descriptive exception instead of silently picking And (MAINT-09).
4. Tests (TEST-09): first-position @Or under class-level AND; first-position @And under class-level OR; permutation-equivalence assertions; direct unit tests for Conjunction/Disjunction.combine.
5. Release note: previously-ignored first-position wrappers now take effect — affected consumers' result sets change. Frame as a bug fix restoring the annotation's documented semantics.

Acceptance criteria

• The same annotated criteria class produces identical SQL for every field declaration order (COR-15/16 scenarios no longer reproduce).
• @And + @Or on one field fails fast with a descriptive message.
• New tests from step 4 pass; regression: make test green.