BE-930: Add memory, thread and disk limits to the workspace

[thehabbos007]

🌟 Purpose

This PR lets a caller limit a workspace's memory, threads and disk use through WorkspaceConfig.

🔍 Changes

• memory_limit, temp_directory_limit and threads set DuckDB's memory_limit, max_temp_directory_size and threads settings.
• disk_limit limits the combined size of the database file, its log and DuckDB's temporary directory. The workspace checks it on open and after each query and create_table. When the files are over the limit, it checkpoints the log into the database file and measures again before it fails with DiskLimit.

⚠️ Known issues

• The check runs after a statement, so one create_table can write past the limit, and the table it created stays in the database.

[vercel]

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated
hash	Ready	Preview	Oct 19, 2026 12:49pm UTC
petrinaut	Ready	Preview	Oct 19, 2026 12:49pm UTC
petrinaut-docs	Ready	Preview	Oct 19, 2026 12:49pm UTC

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated
hashdotdesign-tokens	Ignored	Preview	Oct 19, 2026 12:49pm UTC

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 94.84536% with 5 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 68.30%. Comparing base (a561bc2) to head (1a598d5).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...al/integrations/engine/src/workspace/connection.rs	93.97%	4 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@                              Coverage Diff                               @@
##           asa/hash-integrations/04a-engine-snapshots   #10003      +/-   ##
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+ Coverage                                       68.29%   68.30%   +0.01%     
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  Files                                            2003     2004       +1     
  Lines                                          205815   205892      +77     
  Branches                                         8739     8746       +7     
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+ Hits                                           140568   140643      +75     
- Misses                                          63565    63566       +1     
- Partials                                         1682     1683       +1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
hash-integrations-engine	90.44% <94.84%> (+0.90%)	⬆️

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[cursor]

PR Summary

Medium Risk
Enforces disk and DuckDB resource limits on open and after statements; misconfigured limits or checkpoint failures can block workspace use, though defaults remain unchanged.

Overview
Adds configurable resource limits on DuckDB workspaces via WorkspaceConfig: optional memory_limit, temp_directory_limit, and threads are applied as DuckDB settings at open, using a new public ByteSize type.

Introduces an optional disk_limit on combined workspace footprint (database, WAL, and .tmp directory). The connection measures usage on open and after each query / create_table, runs CHECKPOINT when over limit before re-measuring, and fails with DiskLimit / DiskUsage errors on open or statement completion. A single statement can still grow files past the limit; data written in that request is retained.

Integration tests cover applied DuckDB settings, open refusal when already over limit, post-create_table errors, temp dir counting, and checkpoint-before-refuse behavior.

^{Reviewed by Cursor Bugbot for commit 1a598d5. Bugbot is set up for automated code reviews on this repo. Configure here.}