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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions source/user/manual/material/uniaxialMaterial.rst
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ The following subsections contain information about **$matType**
uniaxialMaterials/JankowskiImpact
uniaxialMaterials/ViscoelasticGap
uniaxialMaterials/Ratchet
uniaxialMaterials/FrictionSpringDamper

.. uniaxialMaterials/CastFuse
.. uniaxialMaterials/ViscousDamper
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106 changes: 106 additions & 0 deletions source/user/manual/material/uniaxialMaterials/FrictionSpringDamper.rst
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FrictionSpringDamper Material
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This command is used to construct a FrictionSpringDamper uniaxial material object. The material models the force-deformation response of a self-centering friction spring damper. The model is based on the behavior described by Wang et al. (2019) in series with an elastic stiffness.

.. function:: uniaxialMaterial FrictionSpringDamper $matTag $Ke $K $Kp $preload <-initialStrain $initStrain>

.. list-table::
:header-rows: 1
:widths: 15 15 70

* * Parameter
* Type
* Description
* * `$matTag`
* integer
* Integer tag identifying the material.
* * `$Ke`
* float
* Elastic stiffness, as shown in the figure above.
* * `$K`
* float
* Loading stiffness, as shown in the figure above.
* * `$Kp`
* float
* Unloading stiffness, as shown in the figure above.
* * `$preload`
* float
* Preload, as shown in the figure above.
* * `$initStrain`
* float
* Optional initial strain. The default value is 0.0.

.. figure:: figures/FrictionSpringDamper.png
:align: center
:figclass: align-center
:width: 70%

Force-deformation response of the FrictionSpringDamper material.

The effective secondary tangent stiffness during loading is

.. math::

K_{eq1} = \left(\frac{1}{K_e}+\frac{1}{K}\right)^{-1}

and the effective tangent stiffness during unloading is

.. math::

K_{eq2} = \left(\frac{1}{K_e}+\frac{1}{K_p}\right)^{-1}

The force associated with the transition during unloading and reloading is

.. math::

F_2 = F_{preload}\frac{K_p}{K}

where :math:`F_{preload}` is the specified `$preload`.

The optional `-initialStrain` argument shifts the strain supplied to the constitutive model such that

.. math::

\epsilon = \epsilon_{applied} + \epsilon_{initial}

Thus, a nonzero initial strain can result in a nonzero initial force.

.. admonition:: Example

The following example creates a FrictionSpringDamper material with a tag of 1, elastic stiffness of 1000, loading stiffness of 200, unloading stiffness of 100, and preload of 50.

**Tcl Code**

.. code-block:: tcl

uniaxialMaterial FrictionSpringDamper 1 1000.0 200.0 100.0 50.0

**Python Code**

.. code-block:: python

ops.uniaxialMaterial('FrictionSpringDamper', 1, 1000.0, 200.0, 100.0, 50.0)

An initial strain can optionally be specified.

**Tcl Code**

.. code-block:: tcl

uniaxialMaterial FrictionSpringDamper 1 1000.0 200.0 100.0 50.0 -initialStrain 0.01

**Python Code**

.. code-block:: python

ops.uniaxialMaterial('FrictionSpringDamper', 1, 1000.0, 200.0, 100.0, 50.0, '-initialStrain', 0.01)

References:

Wang, W., Fang, C., Zhao, Y., Sause, R., Hu, S., and Ricles, J. (2019).
"Self-centering friction spring dampers for seismic resilience."
*Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics*, 48(9), 1045-1065.
https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3174

Code Developed by: Mark D. Denavit, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
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