Layered Memory MCP Server

Extend AI agent memory beyond token limits with a common-core knowledge framework.

The Problem

AI agents have limited memory — typically 2-4KB of persistent context injected every turn. Once it's full, the agent forgets everything else. You can't store project configurations, user preferences, API conventions, or domain knowledge without constantly fighting the space limit.

The Solution

Layered Memory owns a small, well-defined common core and keeps everything else where it already belongs:

Raw session / user input / tool result
        │
        ▼
  persistence classifier
        │
        ├─ framework-owned common core  ← the framework writes these
        │    ├─ L0 index          2-4KB, injected every turn: what exists and where
        │    ├─ L1 knowledge      durable domain cognition: facts, decisions, current state
        │    ├─ TODO              unfinished state: pending, blocked, needs validation
        │    └─ memory changelog  provenance of L0/L1 changes
        │
        ├─ agent-owned extension surfaces  ← classified and suggested, not written
        │    ├─ skill             action protocols, runbooks, command sequences
        │    ├─ user profile      small standing user preferences
        │    └─ agent other       agent-owned content the framework won't classify further
        │
        └─ no durable write
             └─ undecided / ephemeral (one-off output, raw traces)

L0 is your table of contents. L1 is your bookshelf. TODO is your open-items tray. Raw sessions are your diary — read-only evidence the framework searches but never writes.

Your skills and your user profile stay yours. The framework recognises them and hands back a structured recommendation; it only writes them if you explicitly opt in.

The L0 index, the vector store and the search index are derived from the L1 markdown and can be rebuilt at any time.

Features

Smart Knowledge Injection — Inject facts with auto-dedup and section merging (upsert/append/merge), auto L0 sync
Persistence Routing — A deterministic classifier (classify_memory_item) says which surface an item belongs to: durable L1, the TODO store, your own skill/profile surface, or nothing at all. Marker + structure rules only; no model call, no embedding. Advisory by default, so it annotates writes without changing them
Capability Reflection — get_memory_surface_capabilities reports, under your current config, what the framework may write and what it can only suggest
Opt-in Agent Action Execution — apply_agent_action can write a classified skill / profile / agent-other item for you, but only as an explicitly configured orchestrator: off by default, with per-surface switches, a confirmation mode, dry_run, and an explicit target path. Every refusal is reported, never silent
Hybrid Search (RRF) — Combines keyword, fuzzy, BM25, and semantic search with Reciprocal Rank Fusion for robust ranking. Query-type auto-detection optimizes the semantic/keyword balance
Agent-Agnostic L0 Access — get_l0_index tool lets any MCP agent retrieve the memory index
Multi-Agent Namespace — Isolate knowledge per agent via LAYERED_MEMORY_NAMESPACE while sharing common knowledge
Session Scanning — Extract knowledge candidates from recent agent sessions
Health Validation — Check L0-L1 consistency, file structure, and knowledge quality, plus a rot and governance summary
Lifecycle Governance — Flags process state left in durable knowledge (TODO / FIXME / next step / pending / 待办 / 待拍板 …) and suggests a structured action: move_to_todo, rewrite_as_current_rule, or keep_with_reason. Marker lists are configurable
Cleanup Planning — A read-only planner sorts findings into safe mechanical fixes, items that need a decision, and items that must not be auto-fixed; a separate tool applies only the safe ones, dry-run by default
Write Safety — Whole-file rewrites keep a backup out of tree under <LAYERED_MEMORY_HOME>/data/backups/knowledge/, so the live knowledge directory holds only live files
Cleaner Vector Recall — Embeddings use a noise-stripped heading (dates, versions, and issue numbers removed); displayed headings and metadata stay unchanged
Configurable Catch-all Scans — Maintenance and audit scans find "misc"-style files by glob pattern (misc, notes, inbox, scratch, 杂项, …), so you don't need a file named misc.md
Space Analysis — Monitor memory usage and get optimization suggestions
Agent-Neutral — Works with any MCP-compatible agent (Hermes, Claude, Cursor, etc.)
Zero Dependencies — Core engine uses Python stdlib only; only fastmcp for MCP transport
Privacy First — All data stored locally, no external API calls

Design Note: The hybrid search ranking is inspired by Semble, a fast code search library for agents. We adapted their RRF (Reciprocal Rank Fusion) approach — with multi-signal boosting and query-aware alpha detection — for markdown knowledge retrieval.

Quick Start

Install

pip install layered-memory-mcp

Hermes Agent

Add to ~/.hermes/config.yaml:

mcp_servers:
  layered-memory:
    command: layered-memory-mcp
    timeout: 30

Then, from an agent session:

init_framework() — creates the store and reports whether the MEMORY.md write guard is installed.
integrate_agent(action="install_guard") — deploys and enables the guard plugin (Hermes only) and silences the periodic memory-review nudge.
Restart Hermes so the plugin loads (gateway: hermes gateway restart).

The guard keeps agent-side writes out of the framework-owned MEMORY.md: the native memory tool with target="memory" and direct write_file / patch edits of memories/MEMORY.md are blocked, and the model is pointed at inject_knowledge (L1 knowledge) or target="user" (the user profile) instead. Set write_guard: auto in ~/.layered-memory/config.yaml to have init_framework() install or repair it on its own.

OpenClaw

Install the MCP server, then register it:

pip install layered-memory-mcp

# Register as an MCP server
openclaw mcp set layered-memory --command layered-memory-mcp

Layered Memory complements OpenClaw's built-in vector-based memory:

OpenClaw memory: semantic search over session transcripts (heavy, needs embeddings)
Layered Memory: structured keyword search over curated knowledge files (light, instant)
Use both: OpenClaw for "what did I say about X?" and Layered Memory for "what's the database connection string?"

Claude Desktop

Add to your Claude Desktop MCP config:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "layered-memory": {
      "command": "layered-memory-mcp"
    }
  }
}

Cursor / Other MCP Clients

# stdio mode (default)
layered-memory-mcp

# HTTP mode
layered-memory-mcp --transport http --port 8080

# Verbose logging
layered-memory-mcp --verbose

Environment Variables

Variable	Description	Default
`LAYERED_MEMORY_HOME`	Root directory for memory data	`~/.layered-memory/`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_SESSIONS_DIR`	Agent sessions directory (auto-detected)	`~/.hermes/sessions/`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AUTO_SYNC_L0`	Auto-sync L0 index after writes	`true`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_DEDUP_THRESHOLD`	Similarity threshold for dedup (0.0-1.0)	`0.7`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_L0_FORMAT`	L0 index format: `hermes` or `generic`	`hermes`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_NAMESPACE`	Agent namespace for multi-agent isolation	`shared`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_PROMOTION_WATCH_PATTERNS`	Comma-separated catch-all glob patterns for maintenance scans	built-in English + Chinese list
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AUTO_MAINTAIN_INTERVAL_DAYS`	Days between automatic compaction passes	`7`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AUTO_MAINTAIN_ATTEMPT_INTERVAL_HOURS`	Minimum hours between two interval-triggered lazy decisions (`0` disables)	`1`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_ROUTING_ENABLED`	Classify items and annotate write results	`true`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_ROUTING_MODE`	`advisory` or `enforce` — gates `compact_memory` only	`advisory`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_ROUTING_ENFORCE_DIRECT_WRITES`	Refuse an explicit `inject_knowledge` write whose content classifies as a positive non-L1 surface	`false`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_EXTENSIONS_ENABLED`	Let the framework apply agent-surface actions	`false`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_EXTENSIONS_MODE`	`suggest` / `apply_with_confirmation` / `apply`	`suggest`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_EXTENSIONS_ROOT`	Base dir for a file-writing extension handler	unset (refuses)
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_MEMORY_PATH`	The agent's own memory file (explicit write target)	auto-detected
`LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_MEMORY_ALLOW_AUTO_DETECT_WRITE`	Allow L0 projection into an auto-detected memory file	`false`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_CHANGELOG_ENABLED`	Record semantic L0/L1 mutations to the memory changelog	`true`
`LAYERED_MEMORY_CHANGELOG_PATH`	Changelog file location	`<home>/data/memory_changelog.jsonl`

config.yaml

You can also set most behavior in <LAYERED_MEMORY_HOME>/config.yaml. The precedence is: constructor argument, then environment variable, then config.yaml, then the built-in default. Sections relevant to knowledge governance and routing:

governance:
  # Each list EXTENDS the built-in Chinese + English defaults.
  open_markers: ["WIP", "follow-up"]          # open process state → move_to_todo
  resolved_markers: ["shipped"]                # resolved history → rewrite_as_current_rule
  keep_reason_labels: ["Retention note"]       # "<label>: <reason>" keeps a section's markers
  disabled_markers: ["TBD"]                    # turn off defaults that are noise for you

promotion:
  watch_domains: ["misc"]                      # exact catch-all file names (also checked on writes)
  watch_patterns: ["misc", "misc-*", "notes", "inbox", "scratch", "杂项"]  # case-insensitive globs, maintenance/audit scans only

routing:
  enabled: true
  mode: advisory                               # advisory | enforce — gates compact_memory (see below)
  enforce_direct_writes: false                 # true = inject_knowledge REFUSES positively non-L1 content
  # Each list EXTENDS the built-in vocabulary, same style as governance:
  extra_skill_markers: ["cookbook"]
  extra_todo_markers: ["needs sign-off"]
  extra_profile_markers: ["addresses me as"]
  extra_knowledge_markers: ["service contract"]
  disabled_markers: ["script"]                 # drop a default that is noise for you

agent_memory:
  adapter: auto                                # which agent's file layout to assume (see below)
  path: null                                   # the agent's own memory file (explicit target)
  allow_auto_detect_write: false               # or opt back into auto-detected projection writes
  separator: null                              # override the adapter's entry separator

memory_changelog:
  enabled: true                                # kill switch; off = nothing is recorded
  path: null                                   # defaults to <home>/data/memory_changelog.jsonl
  retention_days: null                         # reported, NOT enforced — nothing prunes the log

mode: advisory is the default: routing reports its opinion alongside the normal result and changes nothing about what a write does. A classifier that started rejecting writes on upgrade would be a data-loss event, not a feature, so enforce is opt-in — and exactly one path gates on it, compact_memory (see Routing on the Compaction Path), because that is the path where the framework picks the target. inject_knowledge still writes L1 in either mode and says so in its routing_warning.

enforce_direct_writes is the second, independent switch, and the only one that can refuse an explicit write (see Strict Direct Writes). Setting mode: enforce does not turn it on, and turning it on does not change what compaction migrates. With routing.enabled: false it is inert — there is no classification to enforce.

Omit a key to keep the defaults. If you set watch_patterns, your list replaces the built-in pattern list. Set it to [] to turn pattern matching off.

agent_memory: controls where the framework may project the L0 pointer / knowledge-index entry into the agent's own memory file (MEMORY.md, CLAUDE.md, …). With no path configured the framework auto-detects one, which is fine for reading but not for writing: any ambiguous config — a test, a throwaway script on a temp home — would otherwise resolve the real file and silently append to it. A projection write therefore needs an explicit target (agent_memory.path, or a memory_path argument), an explicit opt-in (allow_auto_detect_write: true), a detected file inside <LAYERED_MEMORY_HOME>, or a home that is this install's real configured home and not a temp/test sandbox. Anything else is refused and reported as agent_memory_write: {status: "skipped", reason: "unsafe_auto_detect_write", detected_path, hint} — the L1 write itself always succeeds, only the projection stops. Detection is not permission: resolving a path through an adapter grants no right to write it. The same rule covers integrate_agent(action="inject_memory"), which appends the awareness snippet to that file: you asked for the injection, but which file was still chosen by a probe, so a purely auto-detected target is refused with agent_memory_write: {status: "refused", …} and nothing is written. Detection, status reporting and reads are unaffected.

The common core is agent-neutral

The core owns L0, L1, TODO and MEMORY_CHANGELOG semantics, and nothing else. Where the host agent keeps its own memory file, which character separates the entries in it, where its live-session database lives and how many characters it allows are product facts, answered by an environment adapter in src/layered_memory_mcp/adapters/. Those facts used to be literals in config.py, memory_compactor.py and agent_integrator.py; they are not any more.

agent_memory:
  adapter: auto     # default

value	resolves
`auto` (default)	probe the registry in order — `hermes`, `claude_code`, `cursor`, `cline`, `generic` — which is exactly the candidate chain the pre-adapter core hardcoded
`hermes`	`~/.hermes/memories/MEMORY.md`, `§` separator, `~/.hermes/state.db`, `~/.hermes/sessions`, and the real limit read back from `~/.hermes/config.yaml`
`claude_code`	`~/.claude/CLAUDE.md`
`cursor`	`./.cursorrules`
`cline`	`~/.cline/rules`
`generic`	no product paths at all — only the framework-owned `<home>/agent-memory.md`
`none` / `off`	alias for `generic`

Hermes is the default adapter for backwards compatibility, and is the first one probed, so an existing install resolves exactly the paths it always did. An unknown id falls back to generic with a warning — never silently to Hermes. Env equivalent: LAYERED_MEMORY_AGENT_ADAPTER=hermes.

A second agent is supported by registering an adapter, not by editing the router, the compactor or the config:

from layered_memory_mcp.adapters.environment import EnvironmentAdapterBase, environments

class AcmeEnvironment(EnvironmentAdapterBase):
    id = "acme"
    display_name = "ACME Agent"
    memory_relpath = (".acme", "brain.md")      # relative to the user's home
    install_marker_relpath = (".acme",)
    state_db_relpath = (".acme", "sessions.sqlite")
    separator = "---"
    path_tokens = (".acme", "brain.md")         # identifies an explicitly configured path

environments.register(AcmeEnvironment(), priority=15)

get_memory_surface_capabilities() reports the outcome under agent_environment: {configured, resolved, known, entry_separator, …}. That is distinct from adapter, which names the optional extension-action handler bundle below.

Two Hermes-specific pieces deliberately stay outside the adapter, in their own support packages: the write_guard plugin (payload, installer, hermes CLI probing) and dashboard_plugin. integrate_agent's Hermes-only actions (inject_soul, install_dashboard, install_guard) refuse with a clear message on any other host.

Opt-in agent extensions

Skills, the user profile and other agent-owned content are suggestion-only by default: the framework classifies them, hands back an AgentAction with your own text plus a structural shape_hint, and writes nothing. If you would rather have the framework apply those actions for you, opt in explicitly:

agent_extensions:
  enabled: false                 # master switch (default false)
  mode: suggest                  # suggest | apply_with_confirmation | apply
  adapter: null                  # label for your integration, e.g. generic_file / custom
  root: null                     # optional base dir for relative handler paths
  surfaces:
    skill:
      enabled: false
      handler: null              # name of a registered adapter
      path: null                 # explicit target for file-writing handlers
    user_profile:
      enabled: false
      handler: null
      path: null
    agent_other:
      enabled: false
      handler: null
      path: null

Five conditions must hold before the framework will apply anything to a surface: enabled: true at the top level, enabled: true for that surface, a handler naming an actually registered adapter, a mode other than suggest, and a handler that can resolve a safe target. Anything missing or malformed falls back, key by key, to "classify and suggest". Opting in does not transfer ownership: get_memory_surface_capabilities keeps reporting owned_by: agent and default_behavior: suggest for those surfaces and only flips can_apply. The framework is an orchestrator there, never the owner.

can_apply reports real readiness, not just the switches: a handler you named but never registered reports handler_registered: false, and apply_blockers lists the same reason codes apply_agent_action would refuse with (extensions_disabled, surface_disabled, mode_suggest, no_handler, handler_not_registered, no_configured_path, …). registered_handlers names what you may configure.

`apply_agent_action` — the write-capable tool, off by default

apply_agent_action(
  surface="skill", operation="create", title="发布流程",
  source_content="<your text>", rationale="repeatable action protocol",
  confirmed=false, dry_run=false,
  action=null,            # a JSON AgentAction; replaces the flat fields
)

It returns {applied, status, surface, operation, handler, adapter, mode, dry_run, confirmed, target, blockers, detail, error, metadata}. status is one of:

status	wrote anything?	meaning
`disabled`	no	`agent_extensions` (or this surface) is off, or `mode: suggest` — recommendation only
`unsupported`	no	no handler configured, not registered, or it does not support the surface
`refused`	no	not an extension surface, or the handler declined (no explicit path, unsafe target, …)
`invalid_action`	no	`kind` / `surface` / `operation` / `source_content` did not validate — never repaired
`confirmation_required`	no	`mode: apply_with_confirmation` (or the action asked for it) and `confirmed` was false
`would_apply`	no	`dry_run: true` — reports the target, byte count and heading
`applied`	yes	the handler wrote it
`error`	no	the handler raised; the exception is in `error`

The three modes: suggest (default) classifies and hands you the AgentAction; apply_with_confirmation resolves and reports the target but needs a second call with confirmed=true; apply writes on the first call, except for an action whose own requires_user_confirmation is set, which always needs confirming.

Applying an agent-owned action does not record a MEMORY_CHANGELOG event. That log is provenance for framework-owned L0/L1 mutations; these writes are the agent's.

The `generic_file` reference handler

One handler ships registered, and registration is not permission — it writes nothing until the chain above is configured and a target path resolves:

agent_extensions:
  enabled: true
  mode: apply_with_confirmation
  adapter: generic_file
  surfaces:
    skill:
      enabled: true
      handler: generic_file
      path: /srv/agent/extensions/skills.md

It appends one bounded Markdown ## section per action — your source_content under a short metadata block (surface, operation, handler, timestamp, rationale, shape_hint, action metadata), opened by a  marker so the sections stay machine-findable. create, append and update all append; update records what it supersedes rather than attempting a fuzzy in-place edit, because rewriting a file the framework does not own is the one behaviour that could destroy content. Content over 8000 chars is truncated with an explicit marker.

Path rules, all of them refusals rather than guesses:

situation	outcome
no `path` and no `root`	refused, `no_configured_path` — there is no default location, on purpose
`root` only	`<root>/<surface>.md`
relative `path`	resolved under `root`, else under `LAYERED_MEMORY_HOME`; must stay inside it (`path_escapes_base`)
absolute `path`	accepted — naming the file is the explicitness this gate wants
a directory (existing, or trailing `/`)	`<dir>/<surface>.md`
inside `/etc`, `/usr`, `/sys`, `/var/lib`, `C:\Windows`, …	refused, `unsafe_system_target`
a `.py` / `.yaml` / `.json` / `.db` / `.env` / dotfile target	refused, `unsafe_file_type` — appending Markdown would corrupt it

Parent directories are created only for a path you configured. There is no command adapter and no shell execution anywhere in this path. Writing a Hermes-native skill or profile file is not implemented and remains out of scope.

A custom handler is a class with name, supports(surface), an optional readiness(surface, config) and apply(action, config=None, *, dry_run=False), registered via layered_memory_mcp.adapters.registry.register(...). An adapter that declares no dry_run parameter is never called under dry_run=True — the framework refuses instead of risking a write it promised not to make.

Usage

1. Write Knowledge (Recommended)

The inject_knowledge tool is the primary write path for all agents. It handles deduplication, section targeting, and automatic L0 index sync in a single call.

Agent learns: "Production DB is PostgreSQL 15 on prod-db:5432"
→ inject_knowledge(
    domain="infrastructure",
    section="Database",
    content="PostgreSQL 15 on prod-db:5432, connection pool: 20 max",
    mode="upsert"
  )
← Creates/updates infrastructure.md, auto-syncs L0 index

Write modes:

Mode	Behavior
`upsert` (default)	Replace if similar content exists, append if new
`append`	Always append, skip dedup check
`merge`	Combine unique parts from new + existing

2. Read Knowledge

Agent: "What's the database connection string?"
→ recall_knowledge(keyword="database")
← Returns relevant sections from infrastructure.md

3. Validate Health

→ validate_knowledge()
← Checks L0↔L1 consistency, orphaned files, stale entries, file health,
  and adds rot_summary / rot_health_score and governance_summary
  (state markers found in L1, grouped by lifecycle action)

4. Plan and Apply Cleanup

The cleanup workflow keeps mechanical fixes separate from semantic ones:

1. plan_knowledge_cleanup_tool(max_items=50)
   ← read-only JSON with three buckets:
     safe_auto_fixes      move legacy *.md.bak out of knowledge/, re-sync L0,
                          reindex the vector store, copy open markers into TODOs
     needs_user_decision  rewrite resolved history, merge heading families,
                          shrink oversized files, …
     must_not_auto_fix    markers kept on purpose with a keep-reason line

2. apply_safe_knowledge_cleanup_tool(actions=<items from safe_auto_fixes>)
   ← dry run (default): reports what would change, writes nothing

3. apply_safe_knowledge_cleanup_tool(actions=..., dry_run=False)
   ← applies only the four safe action types, and rejects anything else

The apply tool never deletes or rewrites L1 text. When it turns a marker into a TODO, the source line stays in place. Merges, rewrites, deletions, and cross-domain moves are left to the user or agent, and are made through the normal write tools. For embedding-based checks (cross-file duplicates, split candidates), use reconcile_knowledge_tool.

5. Session Compression (Cron Job)

Set up a daily cron to extract new knowledge from conversations:

1. scan_recent_sessions → get session summaries
2. AI analyzes summaries → identifies stable facts
3. New facts → written via inject_knowledge (auto L0 sync)
4. L0 index → always up to date

6. Legacy CRUD (Also Available)

For direct file manipulation:

Tool	Description
`create_knowledge_file`	Create a new .md file (auto L0 sync)
`update_knowledge_file`	Overwrite an existing file (auto L0 sync)
`delete_knowledge_file`	Delete a file (auto L0 sync)

MCP Tools

Read Tools

Tool	Description
`recall_knowledge`	Search L1 knowledge files by keyword with relevance scoring
`get_knowledge_file`	Read a specific knowledge file by name
`list_memory_stats`	Get space statistics, file sizes, and optimization suggestions
`scan_recent_sessions`	Scan recent sessions for knowledge extraction candidates
`search_sessions_by_keyword`	Search session content by keyword
`get_l0_index`	Retrieve the full L0 index (agent-agnostic)
`classify_memory_item`	Route a candidate item to a surface (`l1_knowledge` / `todo` / `skill` / `user_profile` / `agent_other` / `undecided` / `ephemeral`). Read-only, deterministic, no model call
`get_memory_surface_capabilities`	Report which surfaces the framework may write and which it can only suggest, under the current config
`get_memory_changelog`	Read the provenance log of semantic L0/L1 mutations (filter by domain / operation / surface / since; newest-first, bounded)
`get_memory_changelog_stats`	Summarise the changelog: counts by operation / surface / domain, time span, configured state

Write Tools

Tool	Description
`inject_knowledge`	Primary write path — smart injection with dedup, section targeting, auto L0 sync
`create_knowledge_file`	Create a new .md file (auto L0 sync)
`update_knowledge_file`	Overwrite an existing file (auto L0 sync)
`delete_knowledge_file`	Delete a file (auto L0 sync)
`apply_agent_action`	Apply an agent-owned extension action (`skill` / `user_profile` / `agent_other`) through a configured handler. Disabled by default — returns `status: "disabled"` until `agent_extensions` is opted into; supports `dry_run` and `confirmed`, and records no `MEMORY_CHANGELOG` event

Management Tools

Tool	Description
`sync_l0_index`	Manually rebuild L0 index from L1 files (supports `dry_run`)
`validate_knowledge`	Health check: L0↔L1 consistency, file quality, duplicates, plus rot score and governance (state-marker) summary
`manage_l0_entry`	Add / remove / replace individual L0 entries

Governance & Cleanup Tools

Tool	Description
`audit_rot_tool`	Read-only rot audit: health score (0-100), oversized files, garbled headings, stale sections, cross-file duplicates, catch-all promotion candidates
`reconcile_knowledge_tool`	Embedding-based cross-file duplicate and split-candidate scan
`plan_knowledge_cleanup_tool`	Read-only cleanup plan: `safe_auto_fixes` / `needs_user_decision` / `must_not_auto_fix`
`apply_safe_knowledge_cleanup_tool`	Applies only safe mechanical actions from the plan (`migrate_legacy_backups`, `sync_l0_index`, `reindex_vector_store`, `create_todo_from_marker`); `dry_run=True` by default

These tools are additive. Existing tools keep their parameters and response fields. validate_knowledge and the post-write governance report only gain extra keys, for example a per-finding action.

MCP Resources

Resource	Description
`memory://status`	Overall system status and configuration
`knowledge://files`	List all knowledge files with metadata

MCP Prompts

Prompt	Description
`knowledge_compression_prompt`	Template for AI-driven knowledge extraction from sessions
`cognitive_decision_prompt`	Decision framework for disciplined memory usage

Architecture Deep Dive

The Surface Model

Surface	Owner	Cost	Holds
L0 index	framework	Tokens per turn	~2KB of pointers: what exists and where
L1 knowledge	framework	1 file read	Durable facts, decisions, boundaries, current understanding
TODO	framework	1 query	Unfinished state: pending, blocked, needs validation, awaiting a decision
Memory changelog	framework	—	Provenance of semantic L0/L1 changes
Skill	agent	1 skill load	Repeatable procedures, command sequences, checklists, runbooks
User profile	agent	injected	Small standing user preferences and persona facts
Agent other	agent	—	Agent-owned memory-like content that fits neither
Raw sessions	source	Full search	Read-only evidence; scanned and searched, never written

Two distinctions do the real work here:

Owner vs. appliable. Ownership is fixed: L0/L1/TODO/changelog are the framework's, skill/profile/other are the agent's, raw sessions are the source's. Whether the framework may apply a change to an agent-owned surface is a separate, opt-in question — see Opt-in agent extensions.
Source of truth vs. derived. The L1 markdown files are the source of truth. The L0 index, data/vectors.db and the search index are derived from them and are rebuildable (sync_l0_index, reindex_vector_store_tool).

What the Memory Changelog Is

MEMORY_CHANGELOG is the changelog of your memory, not of this software. It records semantic mutations of the durable surfaces — an L1 section created, updated, merged, replaced or deleted; a fusion or consolidation write-back; an L0 entry added, removed or renamed when the map actually changed.

It is explicitly not the repository CHANGELOG.md, not raw session logs, not a generic event log, and not TODO lifecycle history. Derived-data rebuilds (vector reindex, search index) are not recorded either: the semantic content did not change.

Storage. Append-only JSONL at <home>/data/memory_changelog.jsonl, one event per line. Recording is best-effort and silent on failure — provenance must never be able to fail the write it describes — and nothing in the framework rewrites or deletes a line. retention_days is read from config and reported, but not enforced: pruning provenance is destructive, so removing history stays a manual decision.

What an event carries. Structure, not content: schema_version, event_id, at (UTC ISO), operation, surface, domain, section, actor / agent_id, tool, a structural summary and reason, an optional source_ref, before_hash / after_hash of the affected body, and a metadata dict of byte counts and write-path details. Never the body text. The knowledge files are the source of truth for content, and copying bodies into a provenance log would hand every secret a user ever wrote into their notes a second, unindexed home. metadata accepts scalars and short strings only; a nested container is dropped rather than serialised.

What is recorded today. inject_knowledge (and so compact_memory's L1 writes and batch_inject_knowledge_tool) for create / section-create / update / merge / replace / fusion write-back / consolidation write-back; create_knowledge_file, update_knowledge_file and delete_knowledge_file for whole-file mutations; sync_l0_index and manage_l0_entry_tool for L0 entries that actually appeared, vanished or changed.

What is not recorded. A deferred-fusion or deferred-consolidate handshake, a fuse_conflict or consolidate_refused refusal, a skipped duplicate, a validation failure, a failed write, a dry_run=True pass, an L0 resync whose entry set did not move, and a write whose content hash came out unchanged. Single-section deletion has no event yet because no tool deletes one section — see ROADMAP.md.

Reading it. get_memory_changelog(domain, operation, surface, since, limit) returns newest-first, bounded entries (default 50, hard ceiling 500); get_memory_changelog_stats() summarises counts by operation / surface / domain and the time span. Both are read-only. get_memory_surface_capabilities reports memory_changelog with can_apply reflecting whether the backend is actually enabled, plus the resolved store_path. A log that has grown past the 16 MiB read ceiling is not parsed at all — both reports then carry read_truncated: true, read_error: "memory_changelog_too_large", max_read_bytes and file_size_bytes, so an unreadable log never looks like an empty one. The file itself is left untouched.

Write-Once, Fully-Visible Pipeline (v0.5.0)

The key innovation in v0.5.0 is that every write path automatically syncs the L0 index:

Agent calls inject_knowledge(domain="infra", section="Proxy", content="...")
  │
  ├─ 1. Dedup check (SequenceMatcher, threshold=0.7)
  ├─ 2. Resolve action: upsert / append / merge / skip
  ├─ 3. Section targeting (finds or creates ## heading)
  ├─ 4. File write (with fcntl.flock for concurrency safety)
  └─ 5. Auto L0 index sync
        │
        ↓
  L0 index updated → Agent sees it next turn

This eliminates the "write-but-invisible" problem where agents write L1 files but the L0 index (injected into every turn) doesn't update, causing future sessions to ignore the new knowledge.

Durable Knowledge vs. Process State

L1 is for durable knowledge, meaning the rules and facts that hold now. Unfinished work ("TODO: wire up X", "待拍板") and narratives of how something got fixed are process state, and they go stale fast. After a write, and in validate_knowledge, governance scans L1 for state markers and classifies each marker line:

Action	Meaning
`move_to_todo`	Open work. It belongs in the TODO store (`add_todo` / `list_todos`), not in L1
`rewrite_as_current_rule`	Resolved history ("has been fixed", "已修复"). Rewrite it as the rule that now holds
`keep_with_reason`	The section has an explicit `<keep-reason label>: <reason>` line, so its markers are intentional

Detection is deterministic (regex and string matching, with no model calls) and advisory. The marker vocabulary is data and is configured through governance: in config.yaml, so other languages and house styles can be added without code changes.

The same pass also reports procedure contamination: sections that read as action protocols rather than durable knowledge. A section is only flagged when action markers and procedural structure both match (numbered steps, a checklist, a command sequence, commands in a code block) — an architecture note that merely mentions "验证" or "流程" is knowledge and is left alone. Flagged sections belong on your own skill surface; the framework reports them and moves nothing.

Advisory Routing on the Write Path

inject_knowledge writes L1 — that is its contract, and by default routing does not change it. What routing adds is visibility: every result carries a routing block, and a write the classifier would have sent elsewhere also carries a routing_warning saying so. The write still happens, with the same action it always had. Batched writes expose the same per-item routing, and a batched deferred_fusion carries its full handshake (needs_fusion, expected_hash, fusion) — batching is a convenience, never a quieter write path.

This is the deliberate asymmetry with compaction: an explicit inject_knowledge call is a caller naming its own target, and mode: enforce does not override that. An installation that wants the stricter rule opts into it separately.

Strict Direct Writes (opt-in)

routing.enforce_direct_writes: true turns the warning above into a refusal. The classification then runs before the write — before dedup, before the vector store, before anything touches disk:

`routing.enabled`	`enforce_direct_writes`	`routing_override`	Content classified	Result
`true`	`false` (default)	—	anything	Written, `routing_warning` when non-L1 (unchanged behaviour)
`true`	`true`	`"none"` (default)	`l1_knowledge` / `l0_index`	Written normally, `MEMORY_CHANGELOG` event recorded
`true`	`true`	`"none"`	`undecided` (no evidence either way)	Written normally, plus `routing_warning` and `routing_enforcement.insufficient_evidence: true`
`true`	`true`	`"none"`	`skill` / `user_profile` / `agent_other` / `todo` / `ephemeral`	Refused, nothing written
`true`	`true`	`"force_l1"`	any refused surface	Written, `routing_override_applied: true`
`false`	`true`	—	not classified	Written, legacy result shape (no routing keys)

The gate refuses a positive non-L1 classification — content the classifier places on another surface. It does not refuse on absence of evidence: undecided means no rule matched at all, so the write goes where you aimed it and carries the warning instead. Refusing it would make the answer a function of length rather than of content, since the same unmarked fact written out past MIN_CHARS_FOR_FALLBACK (80 characters) is admitted as l1_knowledge by the length-only fallback. Check the routing_warning on those writes; routing_override="force_l1" is accepted there too and reports that it was not needed.

routing.mode is orthogonal throughout: it decides what compact_memory migrates and never refuses a direct write on its own.

What the gate covers. inject_knowledge, inject_knowledge_tool and batch_inject_knowledge_tool — the section-level direct writes. It does not cover the whole-file tools create_knowledge_file / update_knowledge_file: those write (or replace) a whole L1 file without passing through the router at all, so neither the classification nor the refusal applies to them, with the flag on or off. They remain blunt instruments by design; see ROADMAP §4 Gap 2.

A refusal is structured, and it is not a validation error — the request was fine, the destination was not:

{
  "success": false,
  "action": "routing_refused",
  "error": "routing_enforce_direct_write_refused",
  "message": "Content classified as 'skill' (owned by agent, score 0.88); direct L1 write to 'ops' / '## 发布流程' refused by routing.enforce_direct_writes. …",
  "written": false,
  "routing": {"surface": "skill", "ownership": "agent", "score": 0.88, "signals": ["…"]},
  "routing_warning": "…re-submit with routing_override='force_l1' if it really is L1 knowledge.",
  "suggested_action": {"kind": "agent_native_write", "surface": "skill", "shape_hint": ["…"]},
  "routing_enforcement": {"gate_active": true, "override_requested": "none", "override_applied": false},
  "hint": "Nothing was written: no L1 file, no section, no MEMORY_CHANGELOG event, and no agent-owned write."
}

Nothing is written on a refusal: no file, no section, no MEMORY_CHANGELOG event (that log records mutations, and a refusal is not one), and no agent-owned write either — suggested_action is handed back for you to apply, exactly as on the compaction path. TODO-shaped content comes back as a todo_candidate; add_todo stays your call.

inject_knowledge_tool(..., routing_override="force_l1") (and the same argument on batch_inject_knowledge_tool) writes anyway and marks the result routing_override_applied: true. Use it when the classifier is wrong about a piece of durable knowledge — not to push a runbook, a preference or a log into L1, because those have surfaces of their own and the refusal names them. An unknown value is ignored rather than read as permission. Both switches are reported by get_memory_surface_capabilities (routing_mode, routing_enforce_direct_writes, and the l1_knowledge note).

Routing on the Compaction Path

compact_memory is routing-aware. Its migration rule has always been structural ("not an L0 pointer" → L1), which is a statement about the source, not a classification of the content — so a runbook, a standing user preference or a raw trace sitting in the agent's memory file all became L1 knowledge. Every non-index entry is now classified, and the mode decides what that classification is worth:

Mode	What happens
`advisory` (default)	Unchanged migration: every non-index entry still goes to L1. The report adds `routing` per entry, `routing_advisory` for the entries the classifier would have sent elsewhere, and `routing_summary` counts by surface and ownership, so you can see what was misfiled and move it afterwards
`enforce`	Only `l1_knowledge` entries are injected. TODO, skill, user-profile, agent-other, undecided and ephemeral entries are left in agent memory untouched and returned as candidates for you to place

Set it in routing: in config.yaml, or per call with compact_memory(routing_mode="enforce") — useful for previewing the split with dry_run=True before changing the config. Omitting the argument keeps the configured mode.

Enforce mode writes nothing outside L1. Blocked entries are reported, never deleted:

{
  "routing_mode": "enforce",
  "routing_summary": {
    "by_surface": {"l1_knowledge": 1, "skill": 1, "todo": 1},
    "by_ownership": {"framework": 2, "agent": 1},
    "l1_injected": 1, "l1_planned": 1, "blocked_from_l1": 2
  },
  "l1_candidates": [{"surface": "l1_knowledge", "status": "migrated",
                     "destination": "knowledge/infra.md#架构边界"}],
  "todo_candidates": [{"surface": "todo", "status": "blocked_from_l1", "reason": "…"}],
  "agent_owned_candidates": [{"surface": "skill", "status": "blocked_from_l1",
                              "suggested_action": {"kind": "agent_native_write", "…": "…"}}],
  "rejected": []
}

Each candidate carries the entry preview, the routed surface and ownership, the rule-weight score, the reason, any warnings, its status and its destination when written — enough to audit the pass. Two deliberate limits: no TODO is created (compaction has no TODO write contract; todo_candidates is a report, and add_todo stays your call), and skill / user-profile / agent-other remain agent-owned — the suggested_action is handed back for you to apply, and compaction never invokes an agent_extensions adapter even when one is configured.

The legacy fields (migrated_count, migrated, errors, cleaned_memory, stats) keep their meaning in both modes, so existing callers do not need to change.

Backing Off a Blocked Set

A blocked entry stays in agent memory, which means the lazy maintenance trigger stays satisfied. auto_maintain_after_write fires on a usage ratio, so a memory file full of entries enforce will not move used to re-run a full pass — backup, classification, rewrite — on every write, migrating nothing each time.

The pass now fingerprints what it blocked (blocked_set: {count, fingerprint, by_surface} — per-entry content hashes plus the routed surface, sorted, no timestamps) and remembers it in data/auto_compaction_state.json. The next lazy trigger compares before it works:

Situation	What the lazy pass does
First enforced pass that blocks entries	runs, records the fingerprint, reports `compact.status: "blocked_only"`
Same blocked set, nothing migratable	skipped — `compact.status: "backed_off"` plus `auto_compaction_backoff: {status: "blocked_set_unchanged", probe, blocked_set, classifier_inputs_changed, skipped_passes, first_seen_at, attempt_marker, hint}`
A new blocked entry (fingerprint changed)	runs on the very next write; `backoff_decision: "blocked_set_changed"`
A new L1-migratable entry	runs and migrates it, whether or not the blocked set changed; `backoff_decision: "l1_work_pending"`
Changed classifier inputs, same file	re-classifies instead of trusting the bytes: `classifier_inputs_changed: true`, `probe: "dry_run_classification"`. Runs if the blocked set moved; backs off and re-pins the inputs if it did not
The blocked entries get placed elsewhere	runs; the record is cleared, so the next bloat entry triggers immediately
Only the interval trigger is due, over an untouched file	held until `auto_maintain_attempt_interval_hours` (default 1) has passed since the last decision: `compact.status: "not_triggered"` plus `throttled: {trigger: "interval", last_attempt_at, retry_after, …}`
`advisory` mode	unchanged — nothing is ever blocked, so there is nothing to back off, and no state file is written
Explicit `compact_memory(...)`	always runs. The backoff is for the lazy ride-along only; an explicit call is you stating intent

compact.status separates the three outcomes that used to look alike: migrated (entries reached L1), blocked_only (the pass ran and could only block non-L1 entries), backed_off (it did not run, and says why) — plus no_changes, not_triggered and error.

The state file is derived operational state: versioned (schema_version), keyed by a hash of the memory file path, and carrying hashes and counts rather than memory text or absolute paths. It is neither knowledge nor MEMORY_CHANGELOG provenance, and deleting it costs exactly one extra no-op pass. An entry refused for want of a heading (refused_needs_title) counts as pending work — a refusal keeps being reported instead of being backed off into silence.

Two pins, not one. The cheap path only applies when the memory file is byte-identical to the one the recorded pass left behind and the classifier still hashes the same; otherwise the decision re-classifies with a dry run (never a full pass). classifier_inputs_hash is a digest over everything that can move a classification — the marker vocabulary as compiled for your config (routing.extra_*_markers, routing.disabled_markers), the routing switches, the scoring thresholds, domain_keywords and l0_tag — with no timestamps and no paths in it. Edit any of them and the next lazy decision re-derives the blocked set instead of matching a set the old classifier produced. A hash that cannot be computed at all reads as invalidate: the pass runs.

Three cadence markers under <home>. .last_auto_compact still means "a pass ran" and is still what the interval trigger measures. .last_auto_compact_attempt records that the lazy path reached a decision, backoff included — it throttles the interval trigger only, and only while agent memory has not changed since, so a backed-off decision is not re-derived on every write while new bloat, a new L1 candidate or any edit to the file still gets a decision at once. .last_l1_dedup gives the L1/vector-store dedup scan its own schedule; it used to read the compaction marker, which meant a long-running backoff re-ran a full scan of every knowledge file on every write. Set auto_maintain_attempt_interval_hours: 0 to go back to deciding on every write.

Derived Data: L0 Index and Vectors

The L1 markdown files are the source of truth. The L0 index and the vector store (data/vectors.db) are derived from them and can be rebuilt at any time (sync_l0_index, reindex_vector_store_tool). The text that gets embedded uses a noise-stripped heading: ## Release process 2026-10-01 (v3.2) is embedded as Release process, so periodic entries cluster by topic rather than by date. Displayed headings and stored metadata keep the original text. After upgrading, you can reindex so that existing vectors pick up the cleaner headings.

Safe Cleanup Boundary

Automatic cleanup is limited to mechanical, reversible, or idempotent actions: moving legacy *.md.bak files out of knowledge/ into data/backups/knowledge/, rebuilding derived L0 and vector data, and copying an open marker into the TODO store (with a deterministic id, so re-applying does nothing). Anything semantic is outside the safe boundary and is always left to the user or agent: deleting facts, merging conflicting sections, moving content across domains, rewriting history as a rule, or removing the source line after a TODO is created. apply_safe_knowledge_cleanup_tool rejects these actions by name.

Relevance Scoring

When you call recall_knowledge, files are scored by:

Filename match (+10 points) — keyword appears in filename
Heading match (+3 points) — keyword appears in a ## heading
Content frequency (+0.5 per occurrence, capped at 5) — how often keyword appears

Results are sorted by score, and only matching ## sections are returned (not entire files).

Namespace Isolation (v0.6.0)

Set LAYERED_MEMORY_NAMESPACE to isolate knowledge per agent:

knowledge/
├── shared/           ← Common knowledge, visible to all agents
│   ├── infrastructure.md
│   └── coding-standards.md
├── claude/           ← Claude Desktop's private knowledge
│   └── claude-specific.md
├── cursor/           ← Cursor IDE's private knowledge
│   └── cursor-config.md
└── hermes/           ← Hermes Agent's private knowledge
    └── hermes-setup.md

Each agent sees its own namespace first, then falls back to shared/. File name collisions resolve in favor of the namespace. All read/search/inject tools automatically merge both directories.

# Claude Desktop config
LAYERED_MEMORY_NAMESPACE=claude layered-memory-mcp

# Backward compatible: default "shared" = no isolation
layered-memory-mcp

L0 Index Formats

Two index formats are supported:

Format	Example	Best For
`hermes`	`[L0索引] infra: servers, DB → knowledge/infra.md`	Hermes Agent memory injection
`generic`	`[infra.md] Server Configuration → proxy, db, deploy`	Standalone / other agents

Configure via LAYERED_MEMORY_L0_FORMAT env var or the l0_format constructor argument.

Session Compression

The scan_recent_sessions tool is designed for cron-job automation:

It scans session files from the past N days
Extracts user messages, assistant topics, and tool calls
Returns a structured JSON for an AI to analyze
The AI identifies stable knowledge and writes it to L1 files via inject_knowledge

This creates a self-improving memory system — the agent gets smarter over time as more knowledge is distilled from conversations.

Agent Compatibility

Layered Memory is an MCP server — it works with any MCP-compatible agent.

Agent	Config Method	Notes
Hermes Agent	`config.yaml` → `mcp_servers`	Native MCP client, L0 auto-injection via memory
OpenClaw	`openclaw mcp set`	Complements built-in vector memory
Claude Desktop	`claude_desktop_config.json`	Full MCP support, L0 via tool calls
Cursor	Settings → MCP	Full MCP support
Codex CLI	Codex MCP config	Full MCP support
Any MCP client	stdio or HTTP transport	Standard MCP protocol

When to use Layered Memory vs. built-in memory

Most agents have limited persistent memory (2-4KB per turn). Layered Memory solves this by:

Separating index from content — L0 stays small (fits in agent memory), L1 holds unlimited knowledge
On-demand loading — the agent only reads what it needs, when it needs it
Self-improving — session compression automatically extracts new knowledge over time

Integration patterns

Agent (2KB memory limit)
  └── L0 index (injected every turn, ~500 bytes)
        ├── [L0] infrastructure: servers, DB → knowledge/infrastructure.md
        ├── [L0] api: REST conventions → knowledge/api-conventions.md
        └── [L0] dev: code style, testing → knowledge/development.md
              │
              ↓ (on demand via recall_knowledge)
        L1 knowledge files (unlimited, loaded by keyword)

Cognitive Decision Framework

The surface model only works if the agent follows a disciplined decision process. This framework should be injected into the agent's system prompt (or loaded via the cognitive_decision_prompt MCP prompt) to ensure consistent behavior.

Decision Tree

Agent encounters a problem or receives a request
  │
  ├─ Step 1: Scan L0 index for relevant domains
  │
  ├─ Step 2: Match found?
  │   ├─ YES → Load the corresponding L1 knowledge file (and your own skill, if procedural)
  │   │   │
  │   │   ├─ Knowledge solves it → Use it. Do NOT bypass with guessing.
  │   │   ├─ Knowledge partially covers it → Use it, then enhance the entry.
  │   │   └─ Knowledge insufficient → Treat as new problem (Step 3).
  │   │
  │   └─ NO → Treat as new problem (Step 3).
  │
  ├─ Step 3: Handle as new problem/requirement
  │   Use standard tools and reasoning to solve.
  │
  └─ Step 4: Post-solution evaluation — is this worth preserving, and where?
      ├─ Durable fact / decision / architecture  → L1, via inject_knowledge
      ├─ Unfinished work (pending, blocked)      → the TODO store, never L1
      ├─ Repeatable procedure / command sequence → your own skill surface
      ├─ Standing global user preference         → your own profile, after confirming
      ├─ One-off output or raw trace             → nothing; let it go
      └─ Unsure?                                 → classify_memory_item (read-only)

Why This Matters

Without this decision framework, agents tend to:

Ignore existing knowledge — they see the L0 index but forget to load L1 files, then waste time guessing
Repeat mistakes — solved problems aren't captured, so the agent re-learns from scratch next session
Bypass established conventions — each session starts from zero instead of building on accumulated knowledge

The framework turns the memory system from a passive storage into an active cognitive loop: consult → act → learn → improve.

Integration

Add this to your agent's system prompt:

You use a layered memory system. Before tackling any problem:
1. Check the L0 index for matching domains
2. If matched, load and follow the L1 knowledge before acting
3. If unmatched, solve normally
4. After solving, route what is worth keeping: durable facts to L1 via
   inject_knowledge, unfinished work to the TODO store, procedures and
   standing user preferences to your own surfaces. Call classify_memory_item
   if you are unsure.

Or use the built-in MCP prompt cognitive_decision_prompt to get the full decision framework at runtime.

Development

# Clone
git clone https://github.com/LAIguapi/layered-memory-mcp.git
cd layered-memory-mcp

# Install in dev mode
pip install -e ".[dev]"

# Run tests
pytest

# Run locally
python -m layered_memory_mcp.server

Changelog

See CHANGELOG.md for the full release history. Recent highlights in 3.5.0:

A surface model and a deterministic persistence router (classify_memory_item), advisory by default
get_memory_surface_capabilities: what the framework may write under your config, and what it can only suggest
Opt-in agent extensions and apply_agent_action — off by default, every refusal reported
A persistent MEMORY_CHANGELOG backend with get_memory_changelog / get_memory_changelog_stats
Strict direct writes (routing.enforce_direct_writes): refuses a positive non-L1 classification, annotates one it cannot place
Agent-environment adapters, so the common core carries no product paths — and detection is never permission

License

MIT License — see LICENSE for details.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
config		config
examples		examples
knowledge		knowledge
scripts		scripts
src/layered_memory_mcp		src/layered_memory_mcp
tests		tests
.gitignore		.gitignore
ARCHITECTURE_v2.md		ARCHITECTURE_v2.md
CHANGELOG.md		CHANGELOG.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
MANIFEST.in		MANIFEST.in
README.ja.md		README.ja.md
README.ko.md		README.ko.md
README.md		README.md
README.zh-CN.md		README.zh-CN.md
README_v2.md		README_v2.md
RELEASE_v2.0.0.md		RELEASE_v2.0.0.md
ROADMAP.md		ROADMAP.md
pyproject.toml		pyproject.toml

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