HTTPHeader.php

<?php
    namespace xenocrat;

    class HTTPHeader {
        const VERSION_MAJOR = 5;
        const VERSION_MINOR = 0;
        const VERSION_PATCH = 0;

        protected static function header_from_server(
            $name
        ): string|false {
            if (!isset($_SERVER[$name]))
                return false;

            $value = $_SERVER[$name];
            self::trim_whitespace($value);
            return ($value != "") ? $value : false ;
        }

        protected static function header_from_string(
            $name,
            $string
        ): string|false {
            if (!is_string($string))
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                    "HTTP message must be supplied as a string."
                );

            $name = preg_quote($name, "/");

            if (strpos($string, "\r\n\r\n") !== false)
                $string = strstr($string, "\r\n\r\n", true);

            $fields = explode("\r\n", $string);
            $return = false;

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                if (
                    preg_match(
                        "/^($name):(.+)$/i",
                        $field,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    $value = $match[2];
                    self::trim_whitespace($value);

                    if ($value != "")
                        $return = $value;
                }
            }

            return $return;
        }

        protected static function q_sort(
            $a,
            $b
        ): int {
            $a_q = preg_match(
                "/;q=([0-9\.]+)$/",
                $a,
                $a_match
            ) ? floatval($a_match[1]) : 1.0 ;

            $b_q = preg_match(
                "/;q=([0-9\.]+)$/",
                $b,
                $b_match
            ) ? floatval($b_match[1]) : 1.0 ;

            return $b_q <=> $a_q;
        }

        protected static function n_sort(
            $a,
            $b
        ): int {
            $a_q = preg_match(
                "/=([0-9]+)$/",
                $a,
                $a_match
            ) ? intval($a_match[1]) : 10 ;

            $b_q = preg_match(
                "/=([0-9]+)$/",
                $b,
                $b_match
            ) ? intval($b_match[1]) : 10 ;

            return $b_q <=> $a_q;
        }

        protected static function explode_preserve_quoted(
            $delimiter,
            $string
        ): ?array {
            if (str_contains($delimiter, "\""))
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                    "Delimiter cannot contain double quote."
                );

            $string = str_replace(
                "\\\\",
                "\\\\".chr(31),
                $string
            );

            if (
                preg_match_all(
                    "/(?<!\\\\)\"/",
                    $string
                ) % 2 != 0
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $array = explode($delimiter, $string);
            $chunk = "";
            $fixed = array();

            foreach ($array as $value) {
                $chunk.= $value;

                if (
                    preg_match_all(
                        "/(?<!\\\\)\"/",
                        $chunk
                    ) % 2 == 0
                ) {
                    $fixed[] = str_replace(
                        "\\\\".chr(31),
                        "\\\\",
                        $chunk
                    );
                    $chunk = "";
                } else {
                    $chunk.= $delimiter;
                }
            }

            return $fixed;
        }

        protected static function explode_preserve_comments(
            $delimiter,
            $string
        ): ?array {
            if (str_contains($delimiter, "("))
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                    "Delimiter cannot contain opening parenthesis."
                );

            if (str_contains($delimiter, ")"))
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                    "Delimiter cannot contain closing parenthesis."
                );

            $string = str_replace(
                "\\\\",
                "\\\\".chr(31),
                $string
            );

            if (
                preg_match_all(
                    "/(?<!\\\\)\(/",
                    $string,
                )
                !==
                preg_match_all(
                    "/(?<!\\\\)\)/",
                    $string,
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $array = explode($delimiter, $string);
            $chunk = "";
            $fixed = array();

            foreach ($array as $value) {
                $chunk.= $value;

                if (
                    preg_match_all(
                        "/(?<!\\\\)\(/",
                        $chunk
                    )
                    ===
                    preg_match_all(
                        "/(?<!\\\\)\)/",
                        $chunk
                    )
                ) {
                    $fixed[] = str_replace(
                        "\\\\".chr(31),
                        "\\\\",
                        $chunk
                    );
                    $chunk = "";
                } else {
                    $chunk.= $delimiter;
                }
            }

            return $fixed;
        }

        protected static function parse_origin(
            $string
        ): ?array {
            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^[a-z]+:\/\/
                        ([a-z0-9]([a-z0-9\-\.]*[a-z0-9])?\.[a-z]{2,63}\.?
                            |[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}
                            |\[[a-f0-9\:]{3,39}\])
                        (:[0-9]{1,5})?(\/|$)/ix",
                    $string
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $origin = parse_url($string);
            return ($origin !== false) ? $origin : null ;
        }

        protected static function rfc5322_date_immutable(
            $string
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null {
            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^[A-Z][a-z]{2},
                        [ ][0-9]{2}
                        [ ][A-Z][a-z]{2}
                        [ ][0-9]{4}
                        [ ][0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}[ ]GMT$/x",
                    $string
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $date = date_create_immutable($string);
            return ($date !== false) ? $date : null ;
        }

        protected static function trim_whitespace(
            &$mixed
        ): void {
            if (is_array($mixed)) {
                foreach ($mixed as &$item)
                    self::trim_whitespace($item);
            }

            if (is_string($mixed))
                $mixed = trim($mixed, " ");
        }

        protected static function filter_no_empty(
            &$array
        ): void {
            foreach ($array as &$value) {
                if (is_array($value))
                    self::filter_no_empty($value);
            }

            $array = array_filter(
                $array,
                function($value) {
                    return !(is_string($value) and $value == "");
                }
            );
        }

        public static function _extract(
            $string
        ): array {
            if (!is_string($string))
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
                    "HTTP message must be supplied as a string."
                );

            if (strpos($string, "\r\n\r\n") !== false)
                $string = strstr($string, "\r\n\r\n", true);

            $fields = explode("\r\n", $string);
            $return = array();
            $reflect = new \ReflectionClass(self::class);
            $methods = $reflect->getMethods();

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                $array = explode(":", $field, 2);

                if (count($array) < 2)
                    continue;

                if ($array[0] == "")
                    continue;

                if ($array[0] == "extract")
                    continue;

                $header = $array[0];
                $call = str_replace("-", "_", $header);
                $key = strtoupper($call);

                foreach ($methods as $method) {
                    if ($method->name != $call)
                        continue;

                    if (!$method->isPublic())
                        continue;

                    if (!$method->isStatic())
                        continue;

                    if (!isset($return[$key]))
                        $return[$key] = array();

                    $return[$key][] = self::$call($field);
                    break;
                }
            }

            return $return;
        }

        public static function Accept(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCEPT"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Accept",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $types = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($types);
            self::filter_no_empty($types);

            if (empty($types))
                return null;

            usort($types, "self::q_sort");
            return $types;
        }

        public static function Accept_CH(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Accept-CH",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $hints = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($hints);
            self::filter_no_empty($hints);

            if (empty($hints))
                return null;

            return $hints;
        }

        public static function Accept_Charset(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Accept-Charset",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $charsets = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($charsets);
            self::filter_no_empty($charsets);

            if (empty($charsets))
                return null;

            usort($charsets, "self::q_sort");
            return $charsets;
        }

        public static function Accept_Encoding(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Accept-Encoding",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $encodings = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($encodings);
            self::filter_no_empty($encodings);

            if (empty($encodings))
                return null;

            usort($encodings, "self::q_sort");
            return $encodings;
        }

        public static function Accept_Language(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Accept-Language",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $languages = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($languages);
            self::filter_no_empty($languages);

            if (empty($languages))
                return null;

            usort($languages, "self::q_sort");
            return $languages;
        }

        public static function Accept_Patch(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Accept-Patch",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $types = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($types);
            self::filter_no_empty($types);

            if (empty($types))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($types as $type) {
                $params = explode(";", $type);
                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                $array = array(
                    "type" => array_shift($params)
                );

                foreach ($params as $param) {
                    if (
                        preg_match(
                            "/^(charset)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    )
                        $array[$match[1]] = $match[2];
                }

                $return[] = $array;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Accept_Post(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Accept-Post",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $types = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($types);
            self::filter_no_empty($types);

            if (empty($types))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($types as $type) {
                $params = explode(";", $type);
                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                $array = array(
                    "type" => array_shift($params)
                );

                foreach ($params as $param) {
                    if (
                        preg_match(
                            "/^(charset)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    )
                        $array[$match[1]] = $match[2];
                }

                $return[] = $array;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Accept_Ranges(
            $string
        ): string|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Accept-Ranges",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Allow_Credentials(
            $string
        ): ?bool {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return ($value == "true") ? true : null ;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Allow_Headers(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Allow-Headers",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $headers = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($headers);
            self::filter_no_empty($headers);

            if (empty($headers))
                return null;

            foreach ($headers as $header) {
                if ($header == "*")
                    return $header;
            }

            return $headers;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Allow_Methods(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Allow-Methods",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $methods = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($methods);
            self::filter_no_empty($methods);

            foreach ($methods as $method) {
                switch ($method) {
                    case "GET":
                    case "HEAD":
                    case "POST":
                    case "PUT":
                    case "DELETE":
                    case "CONNECT":
                    case "OPTIONS":
                    case "TRACE":
                    case "PATCH":
                        break;
                    case "*":
                        return $method;
                    default:
                        return null;
                }
            }

            return $methods;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Allow_Origin(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if ($value == "*")
                return $value;

            if ($value == "null")
                return null;

            return self::parse_origin($value);
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Expose_Headers(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Expose-Headers",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $headers = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($headers);
            self::filter_no_empty($headers);

            if (empty($headers))
                return null;

            return $headers;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Max_Age(
            $string
        ): int|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Access-Control-Max-Age",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Request_Headers(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_HEADERS"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Access-Control-Request-Headers",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $headers = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($headers);
            self::filter_no_empty($headers);

            if (empty($headers))
                return null;

            return $headers;
        }

        public static function Access_Control_Request_Method(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Access-Control-Request-Method",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "GET":
                case "HEAD":
                case "POST":
                case "PUT":
                case "DELETE":
                case "CONNECT":
                case "OPTIONS":
                case "TRACE":
                case "PATCH":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Activate_Storage_Access(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Activate-Storage-Access",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if ($value == "load")
                return array($value);

            $params = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);

            if (count($params) != 2)
                return null;

            if ($params[0] != "retry")
                return null;

            $origin = explode("=", $params[1]);
            self::trim_whitespace($origin);

            if (count($origin) != 2)
                return null;

            if ($origin[0] != "allowed-origin")
                return null;

            if ($origin[1] != "*") {
                if (!preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $origin[1]))
                    return null;

                $origin[1] = self::parse_origin(
                    stripslashes(
                        substr($origin[1], 1, -1)
                    )
                );
            }

            return array($params[0], $origin[1]);
        }

        public static function Age(
            $string
        ): int|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Age",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Allow(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Allow",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $methods = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($methods);
            self::filter_no_empty($methods);

            if (empty($methods))
                return null;

            foreach ($methods as $method) {
                switch ($method) {
                    case "GET":
                    case "HEAD":
                    case "POST":
                    case "PUT":
                    case "DELETE":
                    case "CONNECT":
                    case "OPTIONS":
                    case "TRACE":
                    case "PATCH":
                        break;
                    default:
                        return null;
                }
            }

            return $methods;
        }

        public static function Alt_Svc(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Alt-Svc",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if ($value == "clear")
                return $value;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                    ";",
                    $field
                );

                if ($params === null)
                    return null;

                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                if (empty($params))
                    return null;

                $service = array(
                    "protocol" => null,
                    "host" => null,
                    "port" => null,
                    "ma" => null,
                    "persist" => false
                );

                foreach ($params as $index => $param) {
                    if (
                        !preg_match(
                            "/^([^=]+)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    ) {
                        return null;
                    }

                    $pn = trim($match[1], " ");
                    $pv = trim($match[2], " ");

                    if ($index == 0) {
                        if (
                            !preg_match(
                                "/^\"
                                    ([a-z0-9]([a-z0-9\-\.]*[a-z0-9])?\.[a-z]{2,63}\.?)?
                                    (:([0-9]{1,5}))\"$/ix",
                                $pv,
                                $authority,
                                PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL
                            )
                        ) {
                            return null;
                        }

                        $service["protocol"] = rawurldecode($pn);
                        $service["host"] = $authority[1];
                        $service["port"] = $authority[4];
                    } else {
                        switch ($pn) {
                            case "ma":
                                if (
                                    !preg_match(
                                        "/^[0-9]+$/",
                                        $pv
                                    )
                                ) {
                                    return null;
                                }

                                $service["ma"] = intval($pv);
                                break;

                            case "persist":
                                $service["persist"] = ($pv == "1");
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                $return[] = $service;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Alt_Used(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ALT_USED"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Alt-Used",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^([a-z0-9]([a-z0-9\-\.]*[a-z0-9])?\.[a-z]{2,63}\.?)
                        (:([0-9]{1,5}))?$/ix",
                    $value,
                    $match
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $return = array("host" => $match[1]);

            if (isset($match[4]))
                $return["port"] = $match[4];

            return $return;
        }

        public static function Authorization(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_AUTHORIZATION"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Authorization",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $array = preg_split(
                "/ +/",
                $value,
                2,
                PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY
            );

            if (count($array) < 2)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($array);
            $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $array[1]
            );

            if ($params === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);
            return array($array[0], $params);
        }

        public static function Cache_Control(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Cache-Control",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Clear_Site_Data(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Clear-Site-Data",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            foreach ($directives as &$directive) {
                if (!preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $directive))
                    return null;

                $directive = stripslashes(
                    substr($directive, 1, -1)
                );

                if ($directive == "*")
                    return $directive;
            }

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Connection(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_CONNECTION"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Connection",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Content_Digest(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "HTTP_CONTENT_DIGEST",
                    $string
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Content-Digest",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^([^=]+)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $return[] = array($match[1], $match[2]);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Content_Disposition(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Disposition",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ";",
                $value
            );

            if ($params === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                "disposition" => array_shift($params)
            );

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(name|filename(\*)?)=(\"(.+)\"|([^ ]+))$/i",
                        $param,
                        $match,
                        PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $return[$match[1]] = isset($match[2]) ?
                    $match[3] :
                    (
                        isset($match[4]) ?
                            stripslashes($match[4]) :
                            rawurldecode($match[5])
                    ) ;
            }

            return $return;
        }

        public static function Content_Encoding(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Encoding",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Content_Language(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_CONTENT_LANGUAGE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Content-Language",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Content_Length(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Content-Length",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Content_Location(
            $string
        ): string|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Location",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Content_Range(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Range",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^([a-zA-Z0-9]+) ([0-9]+\-[0-9]+|\*)\/([0-9]+|\*)$/",
                    $value,
                    $match
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $return = array(
                "unit" => $match[1],
                "range" => $match[2],
                "size" => $match[3]
            );

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Content_Security_Policy(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Security-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $policy = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($policy);
            self::filter_no_empty($policy);

            if (empty($policy))
                return null;

            foreach ($policy as &$directive) {
                $params = explode(" ", $directive);
                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                $directive = array(
                    array_shift($params)
                );

                if (!empty($params)) {
                    foreach ($params as &$param) {
                        if (preg_match("/^'.+'$/", $param))
                            $param = trim($param, "'");
                    }

                    $directive[1] = $params;
                }
            }

            return $policy;
        }

        public static function Content_Security_Policy_Report_Only(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $policy = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($policy);
            self::filter_no_empty($policy);

            if (empty($policy))
                return null;

            foreach ($policy as &$directive) {
                $params = explode(" ", $directive);
                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                $directive = array(
                    array_shift($params)
                );

                if (!empty($params)) {
                    foreach ($params as &$param) {
                        if (preg_match("/^'.+'$/", $param))
                            $param = trim($param, "'");
                    }

                    $directive[1] = $params;
                }
            }

            return $policy;
        }

        public static function Content_Type(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Content-Type",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                "type" => array_shift($params)
            );

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(charset|boundary)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $return[$match[1]] = $match[2];
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Cookie(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_COOKIE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Cookie",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $pairs = preg_split(
                "/; /",
                $value,
                0,
                PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY
            );

            self::trim_whitespace($pairs);
            self::filter_no_empty($pairs);

            if (empty($pairs))
                return null;

            $cookies = array();

            foreach ($pairs as $pair) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^([^()<>@,;:\\\\ \"\/\[\]\?={}\t]+)=
                            (\")?([^\",;\\\\]+)(?(2)\")$/x",
                        $pair,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $cookies[] = array($match[1], $match[3]);
            }

            return $cookies;
        }

        public static function Cross_Origin_Embedder_Policy(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                "directive" => array_shift($params)
            );

            switch ($return["directive"]) {
                case "unsafe-none":
                case "require-corp":
                case "credentialless":
                    break;
                default:
                    return null;
            }

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(report-to)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                )
                    return null;

                if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $match[2])) {
                    $match[2] = stripslashes(
                        substr($match[2], 1, -1)
                    );
                }

                $return[$match[1]] = $match[2];
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Cross_Origin_Embedder_Policy_Report_Only(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy-Report-Only",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                "directive" => array_shift($params)
            );

            switch ($return["directive"]) {
                case "unsafe-none":
                case "require-corp":
                case "credentialless":
                    break;
                default:
                    return null;
            }

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(report-to)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                )
                    return null;

                if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $match[2])) {
                    $match[2] = stripslashes(
                        substr($match[2], 1, -1)
                    );
                }

                $return[$match[1]] = $match[2];
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Cross_Origin_Opener_Policy(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "unsafe-none":
                case "same-origin-allow-popups":
                case "same-origin":
                case "noopener-allow-popups":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Cross_Origin_Resource_Policy(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "same-site":
                case "same-origin":
                case "cross-origin":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Date(
            $string = null
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_DATE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Date",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function Device_Memory(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_DEVICE_MEMORY"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Device-Memory",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9\.]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function DNT(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_DNT"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "DNT",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "0":
                    return 0;
                case "1":
                    return 1;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Downlink(
            $string = null
        ): float|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_DOWNLINK"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Downlink",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9\.]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? floatval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Early_Data(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_EARLY_DATA"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Early-Data",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return ($value == "1") ? 1 : null ;
        }

        public static function ECT(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ECT"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "ECT",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "slow-2g":
                case "2g":
                case "3g":
                case "4g":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function ETag(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "ETag",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                preg_match(
                    "/^(W\/)?\".+\"$/",
                    $value
                )
            ) {
                return stripslashes($value);
            }

            return null;
        }

        public static function Expect(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_EXPECT"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Expect",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return ($value == "100-continue") ? 100 : null ;
        }

        public static function Expires(
            $string
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Expires",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function Forwarded(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_FORWARDED"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Forwarded",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                    ";",
                    $field
                );

                if ($params === null)
                    return null;

                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                if (empty($params))
                    return null;

                $directive = array();

                foreach ($params as $param) {
                    if (
                        !preg_match(
                            "/^(by|for|host|proto)=(.+)$/i",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    )
                        return null;

                    $pn = strtolower($match[1]);
                    $pv = trim($match[2], " ");

                    if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $pv)) {
                        $pv = stripslashes(
                            substr($pv, 1, -1)
                        );
                    }

                    $directive[$pn] = $pv;
                }

                $return[] = $directive;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function From(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_FROM"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "From",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                preg_match(
                    "/^([^@]+|\".+\")@[a-z0-9\-\.\[\]:]+$/iu",
                    $value
                )
            ) {
                return $value;
            }

            if (
                preg_match(
                    "/<([^@]+|\".+\")@[a-z0-9\-\.\[\]:]+>/iu",
                    $value
                )
            ) {
                return $value;
            }

            return null;
        }

        public static function Host(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_HOST"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Host",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^([a-z0-9][a-z0-9\-\.]+[a-z0-9]\.?)
                        (:([0-9]{1,5}))?$/ix",
                    $value,
                    $match
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $return = array("host" => $match[1]);

            if (isset($match[3]))
                $return["port"] = $match[3];

            return $return;
        }

        public static function If_Match(
            $string = null
        ): string|array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_IF_MATCH"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "If-Match",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $etags = self::explode_preserve_quoted(",", $value);

            if ($etags === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($etags);
            self::filter_no_empty($etags);

            if (empty($etags))
                return null;

            foreach ($etags as &$etag) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^((W\/)?\".+\"|\*)$/",
                        $etag
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $etag = stripslashes($etag);

                if ($etag == "*")
                    return $etag;
            }

            return $etags;
        }

        public static function If_Modified_Since(
            $string = null
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "If-Modified-Since",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function If_None_Match(
            $string = null
        ): string|array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "If-None-Match",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $etags = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($etags === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($etags);
            self::filter_no_empty($etags);

            if (empty($etags))
                return null;

            foreach ($etags as &$etag) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^((W\/)?\".+\"|\*)$/",
                        $etag
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $etag = stripslashes($etag);

                if ($etag == "*")
                    return $etag;
            }

            return $etags;
        }

        public static function If_Range(
            $string = null
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_IF_RANGE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "If-Range",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                preg_match(
                    "/^(W\/)?\".+\"$/",
                    $value
                )
            ) {
                return stripslashes($value);
            }

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function If_Unmodified_Since(
            $string = null
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "If-Unmodified-Since",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function Keep_Alive(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_KEEP_ALIVE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Keep-Alive",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(timeout|max)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $return[$match[1]] = $match[2];
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Last_Modified(
            $string
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Last-Modified",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function Link(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string("Link", $string);

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                    ";",
                    $field
                );

                if ($params === null)
                    return null;

                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                if (empty($params))
                    return null;

                $uri = array_shift($params);

                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^<([\x20-\x7f]+)>$/",
                        $uri,
                        $extracted
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $directive = array($extracted[1], array());

                foreach ($params as $param) {
                    if (
                        !preg_match(
                            "/^([^=]+)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    ) {
                        return null;
                    }

                    $pn = $match[1];
                    $pv = trim($match[2], " ");

                    if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $pv)) {
                        $pv = stripslashes(
                            substr($pv, 1, -1)
                        );
                    }

                    $directive[1][] = array($pn, $pv);
                }

                $return[] = $directive;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Location(
            $string
        ): string|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Location",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Max_Forwards(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_MAX_FORWARDS"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Max-Forwards",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Origin(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_ORIGIN"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Origin",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::parse_origin($value);
        }

        public static function Permissions_Policy(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Permissions-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $policies = self::explode_preserve_quoted(",", $value);

            if ($policies === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($policies);
            self::filter_no_empty($policies);

            if (empty($policies))
                return null;

            foreach ($policies as &$policy) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)=(\*|\(([^)]*)\))$/",
                        $policy,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $directive = $match[1];

                if (isset($match[3])) {
                    $allowlist = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                        " ",
                        $match[3]
                    );

                    if ($allowlist === null)
                        return null;

                    foreach ($allowlist as &$origin) {
                        if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $origin)) {
                            $origin = stripslashes(
                                substr($origin, 1, -1)
                            );
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    $allowlist = $match[2];
                }

                switch ($directive) {
                    case "accelerometer":
                    case "ambient-light-sensor":
                    case "aria-notify":
                    case "autoplay":
                    case "battery":
                    case "bluetooth":
                    case "camera":
                    case "captured-surface-control":
                    case "ch-ua-high-entropy-values":
                    case "compute-pressure":
                    case "cross-origin-isolated":
                    case "deferred-fetch":
                    case "deferred-fetch-minimal":
                    case "display-capture":
                    case "document-domain":
                    case "encrypted-media":
                    case "execution-while-not-rendered":
                    case "execution-while-out-of-viewport":
                    case "fullscreen":
                    case "gamepad":
                    case "geolocation":
                    case "gyroscope":
                    case "hid":
                    case "identity-credentials-get":
                    case "idle-detection":
                    case "language-detector":
                    case "local-fonts":
                    case "local-network":
                    case "local-network-access":
                    case "loopback-network":
                    case "magnetometer":
                    case "microphone":
                    case "midi":
                    case "on-device-speech-recognition":
                    case "otp-credentials":
                    case "payment":
                    case "picture-in-picture":
                    case "publickey-credentials-create":
                    case "publickey-credentials-get":
                    case "screen-wake-lock":
                    case "serial":
                    case "speaker-selection":
                    case "storage-access":
                    case "translator":
                    case "summarizer":
                    case "usb":
                    case "web-share":
                    case "window-management":
                    case "xr-spatial-tracking":
                        break;
                    default:
                        return null;
                }

                $policy = array($directive, $allowlist);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($policies);
            self::filter_no_empty($policies);
            return $policies;
        }

        public static function Permissions_Policy_Report_Only(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Permissions-Policy-Report-Only",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $policies = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($policies === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($policies);
            self::filter_no_empty($policies);

            if (empty($policies))
                return null;

            foreach ($policies as &$policy) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)=(\*|\(([^)]*)\))$/",
                        $policy,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $directive = $match[1];

                if (isset($match[3])) {
                    $allowlist = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                        " ",
                        $match[3]
                    );

                    if ($allowlist === null)
                        return null;

                    foreach ($allowlist as &$origin) {
                        if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $origin)) {
                            $origin = stripslashes(
                                substr($origin, 1, -1)
                            );
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    $allowlist = $match[2];
                }

                switch ($directive) {
                    case "accelerometer":
                    case "ambient-light-sensor":
                    case "aria-notify":
                    case "autoplay":
                    case "battery":
                    case "bluetooth":
                    case "camera":
                    case "captured-surface-control":
                    case "ch-ua-high-entropy-values":
                    case "compute-pressure":
                    case "cross-origin-isolated":
                    case "deferred-fetch":
                    case "deferred-fetch-minimal":
                    case "display-capture":
                    case "document-domain":
                    case "encrypted-media":
                    case "execution-while-not-rendered":
                    case "execution-while-out-of-viewport":
                    case "fullscreen":
                    case "gamepad":
                    case "geolocation":
                    case "gyroscope":
                    case "hid":
                    case "identity-credentials-get":
                    case "idle-detection":
                    case "language-detector":
                    case "local-fonts":
                    case "local-network":
                    case "local-network-access":
                    case "loopback-network":
                    case "magnetometer":
                    case "microphone":
                    case "midi":
                    case "on-device-speech-recognition":
                    case "otp-credentials":
                    case "payment":
                    case "picture-in-picture":
                    case "publickey-credentials-create":
                    case "publickey-credentials-get":
                    case "screen-wake-lock":
                    case "serial":
                    case "speaker-selection":
                    case "storage-access":
                    case "translator":
                    case "summarizer":
                    case "usb":
                    case "web-share":
                    case "window-management":
                    case "xr-spatial-tracking":
                        break;
                    default:
                        return null;
                }

                $policy = array($directive, $allowlist);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($policies);
            self::filter_no_empty($policies);
            return $policies;
        }

        public static function Pragma(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_PRAGMA"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Pragma",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Proxy_Authenticate(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Proxy-Authenticate",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $challenges = array();
            $count = 0;

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                if (
                    preg_match(
                        "/^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+( +[^=]|$)/",
                        $field
                    )
                ) {
                    if (isset($challenges[$count]))
                        $count++;

                    $params = explode(" ", $field, 2);

                    self::trim_whitespace($params);
                    self::filter_no_empty($params);

                    $challenges[$count] = $params;
                } else {
                    if (!isset($challenges[$count]))
                        return null;

                    $challenges[$count][] = $field;
                }
            }

            return $challenges;
        }

        public static function Proxy_Authorization(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_PROXY_AUTHORIZATION"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Proxy-Authorization",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $array = preg_split(
                "/ +/",
                $value,
                2,
                PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY
            );

            if (count($array) < 2)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($array);

            $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $array[1]
            );

            if ($params === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);
            return array($array[0], $params);
        }

        public static function Range(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_RANGE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Range",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                !preg_match(
                    "/^([a-zA-Z0-9]+)=([0-9 ,\-]+)$/",
                    $value,
                    $match
                )
            ) {
                return null;
            }

            $return = array(
                "unit" => $match[1],
                "ranges" => explode(",", $match[2])
            );

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            self::filter_no_empty($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Referer(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_REFERER"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Referer",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return self::parse_origin($value);
        }

        public static function Referrer_Policy(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Referrer-Policy",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "no-referrer":
                case "no-referrer-when-downgrade":
                case "origin":
                case "origin-when-cross-origin":
                case "same-origin":
                case "strict-origin":
                case "strict-origin-when-cross-origin":
                case "unsafe-url":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Repr_Digest(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "HTTP_REPR_DIGEST",
                    $string
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Repr-Digest",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^([^=]+)=(.+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $return[] = array($match[1], $match[2]);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Retry_After(
            $string
        ): \DateTimeImmutable|int|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Retry-After",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            if (
                preg_match(
                    "/^[0-9]+$/",
                    $value
                )
            ) {
                return intval($value);
            }

            return self::rfc5322_date_immutable($value);
        }

        public static function RTT(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_RTT"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "RTT",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return preg_match(
                "/^[0-9]+$/",
                $value
            ) ? intval($value) : null ;
        }

        public static function Save_Data(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SAVE_DATA"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Save-Data",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "0":
                case "Off":
                case "off":
                    return 0;
                case "1":
                case "On":
                case "on":
                    return 1;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Sec_Fetch_Dest(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Fetch-Dest",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "audio":
                case "audioworklet":
                case "document":
                case "embed":
                case "empty":
                case "fencedframe":
                case "font":
                case "frame":
                case "iframe":
                case "image":
                case "json":
                case "manifest":
                case "object":
                case "paintworklet":
                case "report":
                case "script":
                case "serviceworker":
                case "sharedworker":
                case "style":
                case "track":
                case "video":
                case "webidentity":
                case "worker":
                case "xslt":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Sec_Fetch_Mode(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Fetch-Mode",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "cors":
                case "navigate":
                case "no-cors":
                case "same-origin":
                case "websocket":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Sec_Fetch_Site(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Fetch-Site",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "cross-site":
                case "same-origin":
                case "same-site":
                case "none":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Sec_Fetch_Storage_Access(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_STORAGE_ACCESS"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Fetch-Storage-Access",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "none":
                case "inactive":
                case "active":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Sec_Fetch_User(
            $string = null
        ): ?bool {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Fetch-User",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return ($value === "?1") ? true : null ;
        }

        public static function Sec_GPC(
            $string = null
        ): ?bool {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_GPC"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-GPC",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return ($value == "1") ? true : null ;
        }

        public static function Sec_Purpose(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SEC_PURPOSE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Sec-Purpose",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "prefetch":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Server(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Server",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $identifiers = self::explode_preserve_comments(
                " ",
                $value
            );

            if ($identifiers === null)
                return null;

            for ($i = count($identifiers) - 1; $i > 0; $i--) {
                if (
                    str_starts_with($identifiers[$i], "(") or
                    str_starts_with($identifiers[$i - 1], "(")
                ) {
                    continue;
                }

                if (
                    str_contains($identifiers[$i], "/") and
                    str_contains($identifiers[$i - 1], "/")
                ) {
                    continue;
                }

                $identifiers[$i - 1].= (" " . $identifiers[$i]);
                unset($identifiers[$i]);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($identifiers);
            self::filter_no_empty($identifiers);

            if (empty($identifiers))
                return null;

            return $identifiers;
        }

        public static function Server_Timing(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Server-Timing",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $return = array();

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                    ";",
                    $field
                );

                if ($params === null)
                    return null;

                self::trim_whitespace($params);
                self::filter_no_empty($params);

                if (empty($params))
                    return null;

                if (!preg_match("/^[!\#$%&'*+\-\.^_`|~a-z0-9]+$/i", $params[0]))
                    return null;

                $metric = array(
                    "name" => array_shift($params)
                );

                foreach ($params as $param) {
                    if (
                        !preg_match(
                            "/^(desc|dur)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    ) {
                        return null;
                    }

                    $pn = $match[1];
                    $pv = trim($match[2], " ");

                    if (preg_match("/^\".+\"$/", $pv)) {
                        $pv = stripslashes(
                            substr($pv, 1, -1)
                        );
                    }

                    $metric[$pn] = $pv;
                }

                $return[] = $metric;
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Service_Worker(
            $string = null
        ): string|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SERVICE_WORKER"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Service-Worker",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "script":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function Service_Worker_Allowed(
            $string
        ): string|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Service-Worker-Allowed",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Service_Worker_Navigation_Preload(
            $string = null
        ): string|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_SERVICE_WORKER_NAVIGATION_PRELOAD"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Service-Worker-Navigation-Preload",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Set_Cookie(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Set-Cookie",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ";",
                $value
            );

            if ($params === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                array(),
                array(
                    "Path" => null,
                    "Domain" => null,
                    "SameSite" => null,
                    "Expires" => null,
                    "Max-Age" => null,
                    "HttpOnly" => false,
                    "Secure" => false,
                    "Partitioned" => false,
                )
            );

            foreach ($params as $index => $param) {
                if ($index == 0) {
                    if (
                        !preg_match(
                            "/^([^()<>@,;:\\\\ \"\/\[\]\?={}\t]+)=
                                (\")?([^\",;\\\\]+)(?(2)\")$/x",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    ) {
                        return null;
                    }

                    $return[0] = array($match[1], $match[3]);
                } else {
                    if (
                        preg_match(
                            "/^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)=(.+)$/",
                            $param,
                            $match
                        )
                    ) {
                        $pn = $match[1];
                        $pv = trim($match[2], " ");

                        if (!strlen($pv))
                            return null;

                        switch ($pn) {
                            case "Path":
                            case "Domain":
                                break;

                            case "SameSite":
                                switch ($pv) {
                                    case "Strict":
                                    case "Lax":
                                    case "None":
                                        break;
                                    default:
                                        return null;
                                }

                                break;

                            case "Expires":
                                if (!$pv = self::rfc5322_date_immutable($pv))
                                    return null;

                                break;

                            case "Max-Age":
                                if (
                                    !preg_match(
                                        "/^-?[0-9]+$/",
                                        $pv
                                    )
                                ) {
                                    return null;
                                }

                                $pv = intval($pv);
                                break;

                            default:
                                return null;
                        }

                        $return[1][$pn] = $pv;
                    } else {
                        switch ($param) {
                            case "HttpOnly":
                            case "Secure":
                            case "Partitioned":
                                break;
                            default:
                                return null;
                        }

                        $return[1][$param] = true;
                    }
                }
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($return);
            return $return;
        }

        public static function Set_Login(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Set-Login",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "logged-in":
                case "logged-out":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function SourceMap(
            $string
        ): string|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "SourceMap",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            return $value;
        }

        public static function Strict_Transport_Security(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Strict-Transport-Security",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $params = explode(";", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($params);
            self::filter_no_empty($params);

            if (empty($params))
                return null;

            $return = array(
                "max-age" => null,
                "includeSubDomains" => false,
                "preload" => false
            );

            foreach ($params as $param) {
                if (
                    preg_match(
                        "/^(max-age)=([0-9]+)$/",
                        $param,
                        $match
                    )
                ) {
                    $return["max-age"] = intval($match[2]);
                } else {
                    switch ($param) {
                        case "includeSubDomains":
                        case "preload":
                            $return[$param] = true;
                            break;
                        default:
                            return null;
                    }
                }
            }

            if (!isset($return["max-age"]))
                return null;

            return $return;
        }

        public static function TE(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_TE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "TE",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $encodings = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($encodings);
            self::filter_no_empty($encodings);

            if (empty($encodings))
                return null;

            usort($encodings, "self::q_sort");
            return $encodings;
        }

        public static function Timing_Allow_Origin(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Timing-Allow-Origin",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $origins = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($origins);
            self::filter_no_empty($origins);

            if (empty($origins))
                return null;

            foreach ($origins as &$origin) {
                if ($origin == "*")
                    return $origin;

                $origin = self::parse_origin($origin);
            }

            return $origins;
        }

        public static function Trailer(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Trailer",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $protocols = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($protocols);
            self::filter_no_empty($protocols);

            if (empty($protocols))
                return null;

            return $protocols;
        }

        public static function Transfer_Encoding(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Transfer-Encoding",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Upgrade(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_UPGRADE"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Upgrade",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $protocols = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($protocols);
            self::filter_no_empty($protocols);

            if (empty($protocols))
                return null;

            return $protocols;
        }

        public static function Upgrade_Insecure_Requests(
            $string = null
        ): int|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "0":
                    return 0;
                case "1":
                    return 1;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function User_Agent(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_USER_AGENT"
                );
             } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "User-Agent",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $identifiers = self::explode_preserve_comments(
                " ",
                $value
            );

            if ($identifiers === null)
                return null;

            for ($i = count($identifiers) - 1; $i > 0; $i--) {
                if (
                    str_starts_with($identifiers[$i], "(") or
                    str_starts_with($identifiers[$i - 1], "(")
                ) {
                    continue;
                }

                if (
                    str_contains($identifiers[$i], "/") and
                    str_contains($identifiers[$i - 1], "/")
                ) {
                    continue;
                }

                $identifiers[$i - 1].= (" " . $identifiers[$i]);
                unset($identifiers[$i]);
            }

            self::trim_whitespace($identifiers);
            self::filter_no_empty($identifiers);

            if (empty($identifiers))
                return null;

            return $identifiers;
        }

        public static function Vary(
            $string
        ): string|array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "Vary",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            foreach ($directives as $directive) {
                if ($directive == "*")
                    return $directive;
            }

            return $directives;
        }

        public static function Via(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_VIA"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Via",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $directives = self::explode_preserve_comments(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($directives === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($directives);
            self::filter_no_empty($directives);

            if (empty($directives))
                return null;

            $proxies = array();

            foreach ($directives as $directive) {
                if (
                    !preg_match(
                        "/^(([^ \/:()]+)\/)?([0-9\.]+)[ ]+([^ \/:()]+)
                            (:([0-9]+))?([ ]+\((.+)\))?$/x",
                        $directive,
                        $match,
                        PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL
                    )
                ) {
                    return null;
                }

                $proxy = array();

                if (isset($match[2]))
                    $proxy["protocol"] = $match[2];

                $proxy["version"] = $match[3];
                $proxy["pseudonym"] = $match[4];

                if (isset($match[6]))
                    $proxy["port"] = $match[6];

                if (isset($match[8]))
                    $proxy["comment"] = stripslashes($match[8]);

                $proxies[] = $proxy;
            }

            return $proxies;
        }

        public static function Want_Content_Digest(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_WANT_CONTENT_DIGEST"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Want-Content-Digest",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $algorithms = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($algorithms);
            self::filter_no_empty($algorithms);

            if (empty($algorithms))
                return null;

            usort($algorithms, "self::n_sort");
            return $algorithms;
        }

        public static function Want_Repr_Digest(
            $string = null
        ): array|null|false {
            if (!isset($string)) {
                $value = self::header_from_server(
                    "HTTP_WANT_REPR_DIGEST"
                );
            } else {
                $value = self::header_from_string(
                    "Want-Repr-Digest",
                    $string
                );
            }

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $algorithms = explode(",", $value);
            self::trim_whitespace($algorithms);
            self::filter_no_empty($algorithms);

            if (empty($algorithms))
                return null;

            usort($algorithms, "self::n_sort");
            return $algorithms;
        }

        public static function WWW_Authenticate(
            $string
        ): array|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "WWW-Authenticate",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            $fields = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                ",",
                $value
            );

            if ($fields === null)
                return null;

            self::trim_whitespace($fields);
            self::filter_no_empty($fields);

            if (empty($fields))
                return null;

            $challenges = array();
            $count = 0;

            foreach ($fields as $field) {
                if (
                    preg_match(
                        "/^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+( +[^=]|$)/",
                        $field
                    )
                ) {
                    if (isset($challenges[$count]))
                        $count++;

                    $params = self::explode_preserve_quoted(
                        " ",
                        $field
                    );

                    if ($params === null)
                        return null;

                    self::trim_whitespace($params);
                    self::filter_no_empty($params);

                    $challenges[$count] = $params;
                } else {
                    if (!isset($challenges[$count]))
                        return null;

                    $challenges[$count][] = $field;
                }
            }

            return $challenges;
        }

        public static function X_Content_Type_Options(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "X-Content-Type-Options",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "nosniff":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }

        public static function X_Frame_Options(
            $string
        ): string|null|false {
            $value = self::header_from_string(
                "X-Frame-Options",
                $string
            );

            if ($value === false)
                return false;

            switch ($value) {
                case "DENY":
                case "SAMEORIGIN":
                    return $value;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }
    }