diff --git a/source/user/manual/material/uniaxialMaterials/SteelDRCV.rst b/source/user/manual/material/uniaxialMaterials/SteelDRCV.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5e439fff --- /dev/null +++ b/source/user/manual/material/uniaxialMaterials/SteelDRCV.rst @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +.. _SteelDRCV: + +SteelDRCV Material +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +This command constructs a rate-dependent steel material with phenomenological bond-slip pinching for cyclic loading. It extends the SteelDRC model by incorporating two mechanisms: (1) strain-rate effects via an additive Voigt-type viscous overstress, and (2) quadrant-dependent pinching for stiffness degradation at the steel--concrete interface. + +.. function:: uniaxialMaterial SteelDRCV $tag $Es $fy $eu $fu $esh <-Psh $Psh> <-shPoint $esh1 $fsh1> <-omegaFac $omegaFac> <-fractStrain $eft> <-bausch $bauschType> <-stiffOutput $stiffopt> <-viscousDamper $krate $nrate> <-Dfu $Dfu> <-lambda $lambda> <-np $np> + +.. list-table:: + :widths: 10 10 40 + :header-rows: 1 + + * - Argument + - Type + - Description + * - $tag + - |integer| + - Unique material tag + * - $Es + - |float| + - Young's modulus (MPa) + * - $fy + - |float| + - Yield stress (MPa) + * - $eu + - |float| + - Uniform elongation (strain at peak stress) + * - $fu + - |float| + - Ultimate stress (MPa) + * - $esh + - |float| + - Strain at onset of strain hardening + * - $Psh + - |float| + - Exponent for the strain-hardening branch of the backbone curve (default = 3.0) + * - $esh1 $fsh1 + - |float| + - Intermediate strain-hardening point: strain and stress coordinates. When provided, the intermediate point is used instead of ``$Psh``. + * - $omegaFac + - |float| + - Factor controlling the area under the Bauschinger curve (default = 1.0) + * - $eft + - |float| + - Fracture strain beyond uniform elongation in tension (default = -1, i.e., no post-peak stress drop) + * - $bauschType + - |integer| + - Function type for the Bauschinger curve: 1 = cubic Bezier (default) + * - $stiffopt + - |integer| + - Type of stiffness returned: 0 = tangent (default) + * - $krate + - |float| + - Viscous overstress coefficient (default = 0.0). Recommended: 125 for Grade 60 reinforcing steel. + * - $nrate + - |float| + - Viscous overstress exponent (default = 1.0). Recommended: 0.75 for Grade 60 reinforcing steel. + * - $Dfu + - |float| + - Unloading-branch length as a fraction of the yield stress (default = 1.0). Recommended: 1.15 for Grade 60 reinforcing steel. + * - $lambda + - |float| + - Pinching curvature factor (default = 1.5, range: 0.5--2.5). Controls the extent of stiffness reduction during reloading across cracked concrete sections. + * - $np + - |float| + - Pinching sharpness exponent (default = 1.0, range: 0.5--3.5). Controls the shape of the stiffness reduction curve. + +.. note:: + + **Strain-rate effects.** The viscous overstress is computed as :math:`f_{sd} = \mathrm{sign}(\dot{\varepsilon})\; k_{\mathrm{rate}}\; |\dot{\varepsilon}|^{n_{\mathrm{rate}}}` and added to the rate-independent mechanical stress :math:`f_{sh}` so that the total stress is :math:`f_s = f_{sh} + f_{sd}`. The model requires the analysis time step ``ops_Dt`` to be defined before the material is invoked. + + **Pinching.** The pinching formulation is governed by two dimensionless parameters: the curvature factor :math:`\lambda` and the sharpness exponent :math:`n_p`. These control the stiffness reduction observed when reinforcing bars cross cracked concrete sections due to bond-slip at the steel--concrete interface. + + All input values must be in consistent units. The model uses engineering stress and strain. + +.. admonition:: Example + + The following creates a SteelDRCV material for A706 Grade 60 reinforcing steel with strain-rate and pinching effects: + + 1. **Tcl** + + .. code-block:: tcl + + uniaxialMaterial SteelDRCV 1 200000.0 420.0 0.09 656.0 0.005 -Psh 3.93 -omegaFac 1.03 -viscousDamper 125.0 0.75 -Dfu 1.15 -lambda 1.5 -np 1.0 + + 2. **Python** + + .. code-block:: python + + uniaxialMaterial('SteelDRCV', 1, 200000.0, 420.0, 0.09, 656.0, 0.005, '-Psh', 3.93, '-omegaFac', 1.03, '-viscousDamper', 125.0, 0.75, '-Dfu', 1.15, '-lambda', 1.5, '-np', 1.0) + + +References +"""""""""" + +.. [VelasquezBedoya2026] Velásquez Bedoya, J. F. (2026). "A Rate-Dependent and Pinching-Sensitive Constitutive Model for Reinforcing Steel." PhD Dissertation, University of California, San Diego. + +Code developed by: **Juan Fernando Velásquez Bedoya** (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Minas. Medellín), `jfvelasq@unal.edu.co `_