diff --git a/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/HeaderUserIdProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/HeaderUserIdProvider.java
index 47ca3f4..c27e53d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/HeaderUserIdProvider.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/HeaderUserIdProvider.java
@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@
 import com.practice.course_registration.global.apiPayload.code.status.ErrorStatus;
 import com.practice.course_registration.global.apiPayload.exception.handler.ErrorHandler;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
-import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
-import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
 
 @Component
-@Primary
+@Profile("loadtest") // 부하테스트 프로파일에서만 활성화 (요청 헤더 userId 사용, 로그인 불필요)
 public class HeaderUserIdProvider implements UserIdProvider {
     @Override
     public Long getUserId() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/SecurityContextUserIdProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/SecurityContextUserIdProvider.java
index d569398..8b52e92 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/SecurityContextUserIdProvider.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/practice/course_registration/global/security/utils/SecurityContextUserIdProvider.java
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 import com.practice.course_registration.global.apiPayload.code.status.ErrorStatus;
 import com.practice.course_registration.global.apiPayload.exception.handler.ErrorHandler;
 import com.practice.course_registration.global.security.domain.CustomUserDetails;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
 import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
 import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
 @Component
+@Profile("!loadtest") // 기본(웹) 활성화: 로그인 세션(SecurityContext)에서 userId 사용
 public class SecurityContextUserIdProvider implements UserIdProvider {
     @Override
     public Long getUserId() {